Author: Ameeba

Overview

The GoZen Forms plugin for WordPress, a popular tool for creating interactive forms, has been identified as carrying a significant SQL Injection vulnerability. This vulnerability affects all versions up to and including 1.1.5 and can allow unauthenticated attackers to manipulate SQL queries to extract sensitive data. Given the widespread use of WordPress and the GoZen Forms plugin, this vulnerability poses a serious risk to numerous websites and their associated databases.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6782
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

GoZen Forms WordPress Plugin | Up to and including 1.1.5

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the ‘forms-id’ parameter of the dirGZActiveForm() function. Due to insufficient escaping on this user-supplied parameter and inadequate preparation of the SQL query, an attacker can append additional SQL queries into already existing ones. These modified queries can then be used to extract sensitive information from the database linked to the WordPress site.

Conceptual Example Code

This is a conceptual example demonstrating the potential exploitation of the vulnerability.

POST /wp-content/plugins/gozen-forms/dirGZActiveForm.php HTTP/1.1
Host: targetsite.com
forms-id=1';SELECT * FROM wp_users;--

In this example, the malicious payload is `1′;SELECT * FROM wp_users;–`, which would inject an additional SQL command after the original query that extracts all user information from the `wp_users` table.

Recommended Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, apply the vendor patch as soon as it’s available. In the meantime, employing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary solution.

Overview

The vulnerability, CVE-2025-49826, is a notable security risk concerning Next.js, a popular React framework for web application development. The vulnerability poses a significant risk to full-stack web applications developed using affected versions of Next.js. It primarily leads to a Denial of Service (DoS) condition, potentially compromising systems or leading to data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49826
Severity: High, CVSS Score: 7.5
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: DoS condition, potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Next.js | 15.0.4-canary.51 to 15.1.7

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by taking advantage of a cache poisoning bug in the Next.js framework. In certain circumstances, it allows an HTTP 204 response to be cached for static pages. This cached response can then be served to all users attempting to access the page, leading to a Denial of Service (DoS) condition as the page becomes inaccessible.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker might exploit this vulnerability using a malformed HTTP request that triggers the HTTP 204 response. This could look something like:

GET /static_page HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
HTTP/1.1 204 No Content
Cache-Control: max-age=86400
...

The attacker sends a request to a static page, forcing a 204 No Content response which then gets cached. Future legitimate requests to the same page receive the cached 204 response, effectively making the page unavailable.

Mitigation

The issue has been addressed in version 15.1.8 of Next.js. Users of the affected versions should update to the patched version as soon as possible. As a temporary solution, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) may be used to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-6073 is a critical flaw in ABB RMC-100 and RMC-100 LITE. It’s a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability which, when exploited, can potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability matters due to its high severity score and the potential impact on the affected systems.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6073
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ABB RMC-100 | 2105457-043 through 2105457-045
ABB RMC-100 LITE | 2106229-015 through 2106229-016

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises when the REST interface is enabled by a user and an attacker gains access to the control network. When user/password broker authentication is enabled, and the CVE-2025-6074 is exploited, the attacker can overflow the buffer for username or password, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example is an HTTP request that could be used to send a malicious payload to the vulnerable endpoint.

POST /rest_interface/login HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"username": "validuser",
"password": "A"*5000  //An example of a Buffer overflow attack
}

In this example, the password field is filled with a number of ‘A’ characters exceeding the buffer size, leading to overflow. This can allow the attacker to potentially overwrite data in the memory and execute arbitrary code.

Overview

The vulnerability CVE-2025-6072 presents a significant risk to ABB’s RMC-100 and RMC-100 LITE products. This Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability may allow an attacker to compromise the system or lead to data leakage if the REST interface is enabled, and the attacker gains access to the control network. Therefore, it’s crucial to understand and mitigate this vulnerability to secure the products and data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6072
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ABB RMC-100 | 2105457-043 to 2105457-045
ABB RMC-100 LITE | 2106229-015 to 2106229-016

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by overflowing the date of expiration field in the JSON configuration when the REST interface is enabled. If an attacker gains access to the control network and exploits CVE-2025-6074, they can manipulate the JSON configuration to overflow the date of expiration field, potentially causing system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

An example of how the vulnerability might be exploited is demonstrated below. This is a conceptual representation and may not work in an actual scenario without modifications.

POST /RMC-100/config HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"date_of_expiration": "2025-12-31" + "A"*5000
}

This HTTP request sends a JSON object with the date_of_expiration field purposely oversize to overflow the buffer. This overflow can cause unexpected behavior in the system, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Overview

The vulnerability CVE-2025-50262 pertains to the Tenda AC6 v15.03.05.16_multi, which is susceptible to a buffer overflow attack. This vulnerability, if exploited, can lead to system compromise or data leakage. Given the severe potential impact, it is crucial for users and administrators of Tenda AC6 devices to understand the nature of this vulnerability and take immediate remedial measures.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-50262
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda AC6 | v15.03.05.16_multi

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from a buffer overflow in the formSetQosBand function. A malicious actor can exploit this by sending an overly large list parameter to this function. When the parameter exceeds the buffer limit, it could lead to a stack overflow that allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code or disrupt the system’s operation.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /formSetQosBand HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
list=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA... [continue with 'A' characters until the buffer overflows]

In this example, the ‘A’ characters are sent as the list parameter in an amount that exceeds the buffer limit, leading to a potential buffer overflow.

Mitigation

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch for this vulnerability as soon as it becomes available. In the interim, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. These can be configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The Tenda AC6 v15.03.05.16_multi version is susceptible to a buffer overflow vulnerability in the formSetFirewallCfg function. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-50260, poses serious security risks to users and businesses utilizing these products due to the potential for system compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-50260
Severity: High (CVSS 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda AC6 | v15.03.05.16_multi

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by overloading the buffer of the formSetFirewallCfg function through the firewallEn parameter. The attacker sends more data than the buffer can handle, causing it to overflow. This overflow can lead to arbitrary code execution, allowing the attacker to gain control over the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. Please note that this example is for illustrative purposes only.

POST /formSetFirewallCfg HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
firewallEn=aAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...

In this example, the attacker sends a POST request with an excessively long string of “A” characters as the firewallEn parameter, causing the buffer to overflow.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor’s patch once it is available. In the interim, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure.

Overview

CVE-2025-27456 represents a significant vulnerability in the SMB server’s login mechanism. This vulnerability, impacting a broad range of systems using the SMB protocol, allows potential attackers to execute brute-force attacks due to insufficient prevention measures against multiple failed authentication attempts. As a result, this vulnerability could lead to severe consequences, such as system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-27456
Severity: High, CVSS score 7.5
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Microsoft Windows Server | All versions prior to patch
Linux Samba Server | Versions 4.0.0 to 4.10.16

How the Exploit Works

An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by continuously attempting to authenticate with the SMB server using different credentials within a short timeframe. Given the lack of measures preventing multiple failed attempts, the server remains susceptible to these brute-force attacks. If successful, the attacker could potentially gain unauthorized access, leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how an attacker might attempt to brute-force the server:

import socket
import itertools
import string
def try_login(ip, user, password):
s = socket.socket()
s.connect((ip, 445))
# Send SMB authentication request with the user and password
s.send(f'AUTH {user} {password}\n')
response = s.recv(1024)
s.close()
return 'Success' in response
def brute_force(ip, user):
for password_length in range(1, 9):  # Try passwords of length 1 to 8
for password in itertools.product(string.printable, repeat=password_length):
password = ''.join(password)
if try_login(ip, user, password):
print(f'Found password: {password}')
return
brute_force('192.0.2.0', 'admin')

In this mock example, the attacker is attempting to brute-force the ‘admin’ account on the server at IP address ‘192.0.2.0’. The attacker tries all printable ASCII characters in passwords of length 1 to 8. If a password is found, it’s printed and the attack stops.

Overview

The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-27449, is a severe security flaw found in the MEAC300-FNADE4 systems. This vulnerability allows potential attackers to execute brute-force attacks due to the system’s insufficiency in preventing multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame. The implications of this vulnerability are significant, potentially compromising systems or leading to data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-27449
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

MEAC300-FNADE4 | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the system’s lack of effective measures to prevent multiple failed login attempts within a short timeframe. Attackers can exploit this weakness by repeatedly attempting to authenticate with different credentials until successful. This form of attack, known as brute force, can potentially allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access to the system.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of a brute-force attack exploiting this vulnerability:

import requests
target_url = "http://target.example.com/login"
username = "admin"
# Brute force password
for password in password_list:
payload = {"username": username, "password": password}
response = requests.post(target_url, data=payload)
if response.status_code == 200:
print(f"Successful login with password: {password}")
break

In the above pseudocode, we attempt to authenticate with a list of passwords until a successful login response is received. This is a simplified example and real-world brute-force attacks may be more complex and sophisticated.

Mitigation Guidance

It is highly encouraged for users of MEAC300-FNADE4 to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible to mitigate this vulnerability. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, a temporary solution would be the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to monitor and block suspicious authentication attempts.

Overview

The reported vulnerability CVE-2025-1710, found within the maxView Storage Manager, exposes potential risks to system integrity and data security. The vulnerability stems from the software’s inability to effectively thwart multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time period, rendering it susceptible to brute-force attacks. Affected systems could face grave consequences, including system compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-1710
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Not Required
Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to system compromise and data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

maxView Storage Manager | All versions prior to the patched release

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by repeatedly attempting to authenticate with the maxView Storage Manager using different credentials in a short span of time. Due to the lack of measures in place to prevent or slow down multiple failed authentication attempts, an attacker could potentially gain unauthorized access by guessing the correct credentials through a brute-force attack.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited is through repeated HTTP POST requests to the login endpoint with different credentials. An example of this could be:

POST /login HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
username=guess&password=guess

The “username” and “password” fields would be substituted with different values on each request in a brute force attempt to guess the correct credentials.

Recommended Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) may serve as a temporary mitigation strategy.

Overview

The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-27022, is a significant path traversal vulnerability that affects the WebGUI HTTP endpoint in Infinera G42 version R6.1.3. This vulnerability is significant as it allows remote authenticated users to potentially download all OS files via HTTP requests, highlighting a potential risk of system compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-27022
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: User level
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Infinera G42 | R6.1.3

How the Exploit Works

The exploit leverages a path traversal vulnerability in the WebGUI HTTP endpoint. This vulnerability stems from a lack of sufficient validation of user-supplied input. The flaw allows authenticated users to access all files on the target machine file system that are readable to the user account used to run the httpd service. This means that a malicious authenticated user could potentially download all readable files on the system via HTTP requests.

Conceptual Example Code

The vulnerability might be exploited using a crafted HTTP request like the one below:

GET /../../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Authorization: Basic [Base64-encoded-credentials]

In this example, the “GET” request attempts to traverse the file system to reach the “/etc/passwd” file, a common target for attacks due to its sensitive content. The “Authorization” header includes Base64-encoded credentials for an authenticated user.