Author: Ameeba

Overview

CVE-2025-5334 is a cybersecurity vulnerability that affects the user vaults component of Devolutions Remote Desktop Manager. It allows authenticated users to gain unauthorized access to private personal information. The potential implications are severe, including system compromise or data leakage, making it a significant cybersecurity concern for organizations using this software.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5334
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low (Authenticated User)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Unauthorized access to sensitive personal information leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Devolutions Remote Desktop Manager for Windows | 2025.1.34.0 and earlier

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the vulnerability in the user vaults component of Devolutions Remote Desktop Manager. Under certain circumstances, when entries are edited by their owners, they may unintentionally be moved from user vaults to shared vaults. This makes the entries, which may contain sensitive personal information, accessible to other users, thereby violating privacy norms and potentially leading to data breaches.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /user_vaults/edit_entry HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer <valid_user_token>
{
"entry_id": "sensitive_entry_123",
"new_vault_id": "shared_vault_456"
}

In the above example, a user with valid authentication credentials (represented by ``) sends a request to move a sensitive entry from their private vault to a shared vault. The server, failing to properly validate the request, executes the operation, inadvertently exposing the sensitive entry to unauthorized users.

Overview

The present report provides a detailed analysis of the CVE-2024-22654 vulnerability, a serious threat identified in the tcpreplay software version v4.4.4. This vulnerability exposes systems to potential compromise and data leakage, posing significant risk to all users of the affected software version. It’s crucial to address this issue promptly to ensure system integrity and data security.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-22654
Severity: High (CVSS score: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tcpreplay | v4.4.4

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of an infinite loop vulnerability in the tcprewrite function of tcpreplay v4.4.4. This allows a remote attacker to effectively cause a Denial of Service (DoS) attack or potentially execute arbitrary code, leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. Note that this is not actual exploit code, but a simplified representation.

# Bash command to send a malicious crafted packet causing infinite loop in tcpreplay v4.4.4
$ tcpreplay --intf1=eth0 malicious_packet.pcap

In this example, a maliciously crafted packet (malicious_packet.pcap) is sent to the tcpreplay tool. This packet triggers the infinite loop vulnerability in the tcprewrite function and could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage.
We recommend applying the vendor patch as soon as possible or using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation. Stay informed and secure.

Overview

The CVE-2025-5287 vulnerability pertains to the Likes and Dislikes Plugin for WordPress, which is susceptible to SQL Injection attacks. This vulnerability affects all versions of the plugin up to, and including, 1.0.0. Being a common target for cyberattacks due to its widespread use, WordPress plugin vulnerabilities pose a significant risk to a large number of websites, potentially compromising system security and leading to data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5287
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Likes and Dislikes Plugin for WordPress | Up to and including 1.0.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from insufficient escaping on user-supplied parameters and inadequate preparation on the existing SQL query within the ‘post’ parameter of the plugin. These shortcomings enable unauthenticated attackers to append extra SQL queries into the existing ones. As a result, attackers can extract sensitive information from the database, leading to potential system compromise and data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

An example of exploiting this vulnerability is shown below. In the ‘post’ parameter of the HTTP request, the attacker injects an additional SQL query that will be executed on the server:

POST /wp-json/likes-and-dislikes/v1/post HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "post": "1; SELECT * FROM wp_users;" }

In this example, the malicious SQL command `SELECT * FROM wp_users;` is injected, which can potentially extract all user data from the ‘wp_users’ table.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. Until then, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. Regularly updating software, using strong, unique passwords, and limiting the number of login attempts can also help protect against such vulnerabilities.

Overview

The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2024-49196, is a serious issue discovered in the GPU of Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1480 and 2400. This type confusion vulnerability can potentially lead to a Denial of Service (DoS), compromising system integrity and possibly resulting in data leakage. It is of utmost importance that users and administrators of devices using these processors understand the severity of this vulnerability and take immediate action to mitigate its risks.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-49196
Severity: High (CVSS:7.5)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1480 | All versions
Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 2400 | All versions

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability exploits type confusion within the GPU of the affected Samsung Mobile Processors. An attacker, with low-level privileges and user interaction, can send a maliciously crafted payload to the GPU. The GPU, failing to correctly identify the type of the incoming data, tries to process it, leading to a Denial of Service condition. This can potentially compromise the system and lead to data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a
conceptual
example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This hypothetical shell command represents a malicious payload causing the type confusion:

$ echo "{ 'type': 'GPU_Process', 'data': 'malicious_payload' }" > /dev/exynos_gpu

In this example, the attacker is echoing a JSON string into the Exynos GPU device file. The ‘type’ field is set to ‘GPU_Process’, but the ‘data’ field contains a malicious payload that the GPU cannot correctly process, leading to a Denial of Service.

Overview

CVE-2025-5270 is a vulnerability concerning Firefox versions earlier than 139. In specific cases, Server Name Indication (SNI) could have been transmitted unencrypted, even when encrypted DNS was enabled. This vulnerability presents a significant risk as it opens potential avenues for system compromise or data leakage, impacting the privacy and security of both individual users and enterprises.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5270
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Firefox | < 139 How the Exploit Works

This exploit takes advantage of a flaw where the SNI is sent unencrypted despite DNS encryption being enabled. The attacker can therefore potentially gain access to sensitive session information, which can lead to unauthorized access to the system or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

In this conceptual example, the attack involves intercepting the unencrypted SNI data during a session initiated by a user. This could be done using a man-in-the-middle attack, for example:

# Attacker sets up a sniffer to capture unencrypted SNI data
sniffer --capture-sni --interface eth0 --save-to-file captured_sni_data.txt
# Attacker analyzes the captured SNI data for potential exploitation
analyze --file captured_sni_data.txt --extract-session-info

Note: This is a conceptual example, and the exact commands and tools an attacker might use can vary.

Mitigation and Countermeasures

Users should apply the vendor patch for Firefox 139 and later versions to mitigate this vulnerability. In the interim, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation by detecting and blocking malicious traffic.

Overview

The CVE-2025-41653 vulnerability is a high-risk security flaw, affecting web server functionalities in various devices. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability causing the server to crash or become unresponsive. Given its severity and potential system compromise or data leakage, it is crucial for organizations and individuals using the affected systems to address this issue.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-41653
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Device Web Server | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a flaw in the web server functionality of the affected device. The attacker sends a specially crafted HTTP request with a malicious header to the server. This request is constructed in such a way that it triggers an error condition within the server, causing it to crash or become unresponsive, thus enabling a denial-of-service attack.

Conceptual Example Code

This conceptual example demonstrates how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. It should be noted that this is a theoretical example and the exact nature of the malicious HTTP header would depend on the specifics of the vulnerability.

GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerabledevice.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive
X-Malicious-Header: [malicious payload]

Mitigation and Recommendations

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the latest vendor patches as soon as they become available. In the absence of a patch, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used for temporary mitigation. Regular monitoring and logs review of the web server can also aid in detecting any unusual activities.

Overview

In the continuously evolving landscape of cybersecurity, a new vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-41650 has emerged. This vulnerability presents serious threats to system operations, potentially enabling unauthenticated remote attackers to disrupt operations and cause a denial-of-service. Given the prevalence of remote connections in today’s digital age, this vulnerability has far-reaching implications that require immediate attention.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-41650
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Disruption of system operations, potential denial-of-service, and possible data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

CMD Services | All versions prior to the patch

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the input validation of cmd services of the devices. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this weakness by sending specially crafted packets that the system perceives as valid inputs. These malicious packets can disrupt system operations and potentially cause a denial-of-service attack. The vulnerability also opens up the potential for data leakage, leading to a system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /cmdservices/inputvalidation HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "crafted_packet_to_exploit_validation" }

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. Until then, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. Regular system updates and monitoring can also help in identifying and addressing any potential exploits.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-41649, that potentially impacts a wide range of networked devices. This vulnerability is significant due to its ability to allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to exploit insufficient input validation, leading to a buffer overflow. This can result in a denial-of-service (DoS) condition, potentially compromising systems or leading to data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-41649
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial-of-service, potential system compromise, and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Product A | Version x.x to x.x
Product B | Version y.y to y.y

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by an unauthenticated attacker remotely sending a specially crafted payload to the target system. The payload attempts to write data beyond the bounds of a buffer due to insufficient input validation. This overflow can cause the system to crash, leading to a denial-of-service condition. Additionally, the overflow may also allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP POST request, where the “malicious_payload” is designed to overflow the buffer.

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...." }

Please note that this is a conceptual example and the actual malicious payload would be designed based on the specifics of the vulnerable system.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation. These systems should be configured to identify and block malicious payloads that could potentially exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The CVE-2025-41655 represents a critical vulnerability that allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to trigger a system reboot by accessing a specific URL. This vulnerability is of high concern as it affects multiple versions of widely used products, potentially leading to system compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-41655
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Product 1 | All versions up to 2.1.5
Product 2 | All versions up to 3.0.8

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is exploited when an unauthenticated attacker sends a specially crafted HTTP request to a specific URL on the target system. This triggers an unintended behavior in the system that results in a reboot. The reboot may disrupt essential services, cause data loss, or provide an opportunity for further exploitation while the system is in an unstable state.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. In this case, an HTTP request is sent to the vulnerable URL:

GET /trigger_reboot_endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

Mitigation & Patching

The recommended mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as it is available. If a patch is not immediately available, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) that can filter or block the malicious requests can serve as a temporary mitigation. Regularly updating and patching your systems can help prevent exploitation of this and other vulnerabilities.

Overview

This report discusses a critical vulnerability, CVE-2022-31812, that affects all versions of SiPass integrated before V2.95.3.18. This vulnerability could potentially allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause a denial of service condition, thereby compromising system integrity and potentially leading to data leakage. Given the severity of the potential impact, this vulnerability warrants immediate attention and mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2022-31812
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial of Service, Potential system compromise, or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

SiPass Integrated | All versions < V2.95.3.18 How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from an out-of-bounds read past the end of an allocated buffer in the server applications of SiPass Integrated. This flaw occurs while checking the integrity of incoming packets. Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted packets to the server, causing an out-of-bounds read. This could lead to a Denial of Service (DoS) or potentially further compromise the system, leading to data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Given the nature of the vulnerability, an attacker might exploit it by sending a malformed packet that triggers the out-of-bounds read error. Below is a conceptual example of what this might look like in pseudocode:

# pseudocode representing a potential exploit
def create_malicious_packet():
packet = bytearray()
# Fill the packet with data that will trigger the out-of-bounds read
for i in range(0, BUFFER_SIZE + 1):
packet.append(i)
return packet
def send_packet(target_ip, packet):
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect((target_ip, SIPASS_PORT))
sock.send(packet)
sock.close()
malicious_packet = create_malicious_packet()
send_packet("target.example.com", malicious_packet)

Note: This is a conceptual representation and does not represent a real exploit. It is meant to provide an understanding of how the vulnerability might be exploited.