Author: Ameeba

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a buffer overflow vulnerability in WS-WN572HP3 V230525 that poses significant cybersecurity threats. This vulnerability can be exploited to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a specially crafted HTTP request, affecting any organization or individual using the vulnerable component. Consequences can range from temporary unavailability of services to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-44879
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

WS-WN572HP3 | V230525

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a buffer overflow vulnerability in the /www/cgi-bin/upload.cgi component of WS-WN572HP3 V230525. Buffer overflow occurs when more data is put into a fixed-length buffer than it can handle, causing an overflow of data into adjacent memory locations. In this case, an attacker sends an HTTP request containing excessive data specifically crafted to overflow the buffer. This overflow can lead to unpredictable program behavior, including memory access errors, incorrect results, a crash, or a breach of system security.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP request that contains a large amount of data meant to overflow the buffer.

POST /www/cgi-bin/upload.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data
{ "file": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA..." } // excessively long string

Mitigation

Until a vendor patch is available, users are advised to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation. The vendor is expected to release a patch that addresses the vulnerability by imposing stricter input validation checks to prevent buffer overflow. As general good practice, regular updates and patches should be applied to all software and firmware to mitigate the risk of exploitation.

Overview

A critical vulnerability labeled as CVE-2025-26783 has been identified in several Samsung processors. These include the Mobile Processor, Wearable Processor, and Modem Exynos with various model numbers. The vulnerability, due to incorrect handling of undefined values, can potentially lead to a Denial of Service (DoS), compromising system integrity and leading to potential data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-26783
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to a Denial of Service (DoS), system compromise, and potential data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos | 2100, 1280, 2200, 1330, 1380, 1480, 2400
Samsung Wearable Processor | W1000
Samsung Modem | 5300, 5400

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the incorrect handling of undefined values in the Real-time Radio Controller (RRC) of the affected processors. This mishandling can trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) condition, disrupting the normal functioning of the device. Depending upon the context and the attacker’s objectives, this could potentially lead to a full system compromise or even data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

While a specific exploit code is not available, an attacker could potentially craft a malicious payload that takes advantage of the mishandling of undefined values. A conceptual example could look similar to this pseudocode:

POST /rrc/handler HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "undefined_value": "trigger_DoS" }

This conceptual example showcases a payload designed to exploit the vulnerability by sending an undefined value to the RRC handler, triggering a Denial of Service condition.
Please note this is a conceptual example and the actual exploit might be different based on the specific APIs and system architecture of the affected products.

Overview

This report provides an analysis of a critical vulnerability, denoted as CVE-2024-55569, which affects a wide range of Samsung’s mobile processors, wearable processors, and modems. This security flaw, due to the absence of a length check, can lead to out-of-bounds writes, potentially compromising system security and leading to data leakage. As Samsung devices are widely used globally, this vulnerability poses a significant threat to user data and system integrity.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-55569
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Possible system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos | 9820, 9825, 980, 990, 850, 1080, 2100, 1280, 2200, 1330, 1380, 1480, 2400
Samsung Wearable Processor Exynos | 9110, W920, W930, W1000
Samsung Modem | 5123, 5300, 5400

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the lack of a length check during data processing in the affected Samsung processors and modems. This absence of a length check can result in out-of-bounds writes when processing excessively long data inputs. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted data packets to the target device. This could potentially lead to unauthorized code execution or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of a malicious packet that could exploit the vulnerability:

POST /processor/write HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
{ "data": "A".repeat(1000000) }  // An excessively long string

In this example, the attacker sends a POST request with an excessively long string as the data payload. This unexpected lengthy data could trigger the out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the absence of a proper length check.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are urged to apply the latest patches provided by Samsung. If such patches are not available, users should consider deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary measure to detect and prevent potential attacks.

Overview

This report provides a detailed analysis of the CVE-2025-2900 vulnerability. This vulnerability affects IBM Semeru Runtime versions 8.0.302.0 through 8.0.442.0, 11.0.12.0 through 11.0.26.0, 17.0.0.0 through 17.0.14.0, and 21.0.0.0 through 12.0.6.0. The issue stems from a flaw in the native AES/CBC encryption implementation, potentially causing system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-2900
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial of service, potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

IBM Semeru Runtime | 8.0.302.0 – 8.0.442.0
IBM Semeru Runtime | 11.0.12.0 – 11.0.26.0
IBM Semeru Runtime | 17.0.0.0 – 17.0.14.0
IBM Semeru Runtime | 21.0.0.0 – 12.0.6.0

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by sending a large volume of data to the server running affected versions of IBM Semeru Runtime. This overloads the buffer in the AES/CBC encryption implementation, causing a buffer overflow. This overflow results in a crash, causing a denial of service. In some instances, it may also lead to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

import socket
buffer = "A" * 5000
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("target_IP", target_port))
s.send(buffer)
s.close()

In the above sample Python script, an attacker could potentially overload the buffer by sending a large amount of data (“A” * 5000), causing the system to crash and possibly enable the exploitation of additional vulnerabilities.

Overview

The CVE-2025-47707 refers to an authentication bypass vulnerability found in the Drupal Enterprise MFA – TFA. This vulnerability can potentially allow malicious actors to bypass the multi-factor authentication system in affected Drupal versions, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability is significant due to its potential impact on Drupal systems and the widespread usage of this CMS platform.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-47707
Severity: High (CVSS 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: The impact of exploiting this vulnerability is significant, potentially leading to a complete system compromise or leakage of sensitive data.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Drupal Enterprise MFA – TFA | 0.0.0 before 4.7.0
Drupal Enterprise MFA – TFA | 5.0.0 before 5.2.0

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability allows an attacker to bypass the multi-factor authentication mechanism in Drupal due to an error in the way the system handles authentication requests. By exploiting this flaw, an attacker can gain access to the system without providing accurate authentication credentials. In essence, it opens an alternate path or channel for unauthorized access to the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using HTTP request. The attacker sends a POST request to a vulnerable endpoint with a malicious payload.

POST /drupal/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"auth_payload": "bypass_auth_token"
}

In this example, the “bypass_auth_token” is a placeholder for an actual malicious payload that would exploit the vulnerability, bypassing the multi-factor authentication process.

Overview

A notable security vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-3875, has been discovered affecting Thunderbird’s email client. This vulnerability could potentially allow malicious actors to spoof the sender’s address, leading to a system compromise or data leakage. The severity of this vulnerability underscores the importance of timely patch management and the implementation of appropriate security measures.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-3875
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage due to sender spoofing

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Thunderbird | < 128.10.1 Thunderbird | < 138.0.1 How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the way Thunderbird parses addresses. It allows an invalid From address to be used, allowing sender spoofing. For instance, if the From header contains an invalid value such as “Spoofed Name “, Thunderbird treats spoofed@example.com as the actual address, potentially enabling malicious actors to launch phishing attacks or propagate malware.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example that demonstrates how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. Please note that this is a hypothetical example and not an actual exploit:

POST /sendEmail HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"from": "Spoofed Name <spoofed@example.com>",
"to": "victim@example.com",
"subject": "Important Update",
"body": "Please click on the link to update your account"
}

In this example, the attacker is sending an email appearing to come from “spoofed@example.com” while the actual sender address is hidden in the From field.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor-released patch immediately. If this is not feasible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. Regular audits of system logs for any suspicious activity are also recommended.
Please note that while mitigation strategies can lower the risk of exploitation, they cannot entirely eliminate it. The most effective defense against this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as possible.

Overview

A critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-26785, has been discovered in NAS in various Samsung Mobile and Wearable Processors. The vulnerability, if successfully exploited, could lead to system compromise or data leakage, posing a significant security risk to users and organizations leveraging these devices. This report comprehensively details the vulnerability, its implications, and recommended mitigation measures.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-26785
Severity: High (7.5)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos | 9820, 9825, 980, 990, 850, 1080, 2100, 1280, 2200, 1330, 1380, 1480, 2400
Samsung Wearable Processor | W920, W930, W1000
Samsung Modem | Modem 5123, Modem 5300, Modem 5400

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability originates from the lack of a length check in the software of the aforementioned processors. This oversight allows for an out-of-bounds write condition, leading to a buffer overflow. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted payload that exceeds the expected data length. This could result in arbitrary code execution, leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void vulnerable_function(char *str) {
char buffer[50];
strcpy(buffer, str);
}
int main() {
char malicious_payload[100];
memset(malicious_payload, 'A', 99);
malicious_payload[99] = '\0';
vulnerable_function(malicious_payload);
return 0;
}

In this conceptual example, the `vulnerable_function` copies the `malicious_payload` into a buffer that can only hold 50 characters, causing a buffer overflow. This could potentially allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause a system crash.

Mitigation Guidance

Users and organizations are strongly advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. These tools can monitor and block suspicious activities, reducing the risk of a successful exploit.

Overview

This report delves into the CVE-2025-3600 vulnerability, an unsafe reflection issue discovered in Progress® Telerik® UI for AJAX. Affecting versions from 2011.2.712 to 2025.1.218, the vulnerability has the potential to crash the hosting process and cause a denial of service. Due to the widespread use of Telerik® UI for AJAX, this vulnerability could have significant impacts if not promptly addressed.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-3600
Severity: High (7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Hosting process crash and potential denial of service, with further potential for system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Progress® Telerik® UI for AJAX | 2011.2.712 to 2025.1.218

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by leveraging an unsafe reflection vulnerability within the Telerik® UI for AJAX. An attacker could craft a malicious payload that, when processed by the vulnerable application, causes an unhandled exception. This exception could lead to a crash of the hosting process, resulting in a denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability could be exploited:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "{...malicious code...}" }

This HTTP request sends a crafted JSON object with a malicious payload to a vulnerable endpoint. The payload then triggers the unhandled exception, crashing the hosting process.

Mitigation

Users are strongly advised to apply the vendor-supplied patch for this issue. If a patch is not immediately available, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation measure. Regularly updating and patching software, as well as monitoring network traffic for anomalies, can also help prevent successful exploitation of this vulnerability.

Overview

This report is an in-depth analysis of the recently identified vulnerability, CVE-2025-47445, affecting the Themewinter Eventin application. The flaw, characterized as a Relative Path Traversal vulnerability, has the potential to compromise system security or lead to data leakage, posing a significant risk to users and operations. This vulnerability highlights the crucial role of regular system updates, patches, and robust cybersecurity measures in preventing data breaches.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-47445
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Themewinter Eventin | n/a to 4.0.26

How the Exploit Works

The path traversal vulnerability in Themewinter Eventin allows an attacker to access directories and files outside the web root folder. By manipulating variables referencing files with “dot-dot-slash (../)” sequences and its variations, an attacker may be able to access arbitrary files and directories stored on the file system, including application source code, configuration, and critical system files, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example illustrating how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a generic representation and does not represent an actual exploit.

GET /Eventin?file=../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, the attacker is attempting to access the ‘/etc/passwd’ file, which is typically outside the permitted directory.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are advised to apply the patch provided by the vendor as soon as possible. In the interim, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) may serve as a temporary mitigation strategy. However, these measures will not completely eliminate the vulnerability but can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts.

Overview

CVE-2025-26864 refers to an issue that allows the unauthorized exposure of sensitive information in Apache IoTDB’s OpenIdAuthorizer. The vulnerability affects versions 0.10.0 through 1.3.3 and 2.0.1-beta before 2.0.2. It poses a significant risk to the integrity and security of systems leveraging these versions of Apache IoTDB, potentially leading to data leakage or system compromise.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-26864
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor, potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Apache IoTDB | 0.10.0 through 1.3.3
Apache IoTDB | 2.0.1-beta before 2.0.2

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the OpenIdAuthorizer component of Apache IoTDB, which incorrectly handles sensitive information. This flaw allows an attacker to exploit the system remotely, gaining unauthorized access to sensitive information. The malicious actor can then insert this sensitive information into the log file, potentially leading to system compromise or unauthorized data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

GET /IoTDB/OpenIdAuthorizer?info=Sensitive HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable_host.com

In this example, an attacker sends a GET request to the OpenIdAuthorizer component of a vulnerable Apache IoTDB instance, attempting to retrieve sensitive information.