Author: Ameeba

Overview

This report delves into the details of the Insufficient Session Expiration vulnerability in Progress Software Corporation’s Sitefinity, identified as CVE-2025-1968. This vulnerability, under certain circumstances, allows the reuse of Session IDs, leading to potential Session Replay Attacks. As it affects multiple versions of Sitefinity, this issue is of critical importance to entities using the software, as it may lead to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-1968
Severity: High, with a CVSS score of 7.7
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: This vulnerability can lead to potential system compromise and data leakage by enabling unauthorized access through Session Replay Attacks.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Sitefinity | From 14.0 through 14.3
Sitefinity | From 14.4 before 14.4.8145
Sitefinity | From 15.0 before 15.0.8231
Sitefinity | From 15.1 before 15.1.8332
Sitefinity | From 15.2 before 15.2.8429

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability originates from the insufficient session expiration in Sitefinity, which under certain specific and uncommon circumstances, allows Session IDs to be reused, leading to Session Replay Attacks. An attacker may capture and reuse a session ID to masquerade as an authenticated user, thus bypassing security measures and gaining unauthorized access to sensitive data or systems.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited:

GET /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Cookie: SESSIONID=ABC123

In this example, the attacker has obtained and used the “ABC123” Session ID, allowing them to make requests as if they were the authenticated user associated with that Session ID.

Overview

The vulnerability CVE-2024-22197 is a serious security concern in Nginx-ui, an online server monitoring tool. This vulnerability poses a significant threat to all users of the affected software, potentially leading to system compromise, data leakage, and unauthorized privilege escalation. It necessitates immediate attention and remediation due to its high severity score.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-22197
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.7)
Attack Vector: Network (API)
Privileges Required: Low (authenticated access)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Remote Code Execution, Privilege Escalation, and Information Disclosure

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Nginx-ui | Up to 2.0.0.beta.8

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by sending a malicious request to the API. Although the Nginx-ui interface does not allow users to modify certain settings, the underlying API does expose `test_config_cmd`, `reload_cmd`, and `restart_cmd`. By crafting a specific request to this API, an attacker can execute arbitrary commands, escalate privileges, and disclose sensitive information.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability through a HTTP POST request:

POST /api/config HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"test_config_cmd": "malicious_command",
"reload_cmd": "malicious_command",
"restart_cmd": "malicious_command"
}

This would allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the server, potentially leading to unauthorized system access or data leakage.

Mitigation and Recommendations

Organizations using Nginx-ui are strongly advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. The issue has been patched in version 2.0.0.beta.9. As a temporary mitigation measure, you could use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to monitor and block any suspicious API requests.

Overview

CVE-2023-52206 is a critical vulnerability that impacts the Live Composer Team Page Builder. The vulnerability arises from deserialization of untrusted data, which if exploited, could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. Given the severity of this vulnerability, it is critical for users of the Page Builder: Live Composer versions up to 1.5.25 to implement the necessary mitigations and solutions as soon as possible.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-52206
Severity: High (7.7 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Live Composer Team Page Builder | through 1.5.25

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the deserialization of untrusted data by the Live Composer Team Page Builder. An attacker can manipulate this process by introducing malicious data. When this data is deserialized, it can lead to unexpected behavior such as arbitrary code execution, which in turn can result in system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. In this case, a malicious JSON object is sent to a vulnerable endpoint on the target system.

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "eyJ2ZXJzaW9uIjogIjEuNS4yNSIsICJkYXRhIjogIkV4cGxvaXQiIH0K" }

In this example, the “malicious_payload” is a base64 encoded string that when deserialized, could lead to arbitrary code execution. Please note this is a hypothetical example and the actual exploitation would depend on various factors including the specific configurations and defenses of the target system.

Overview

The cybersecurity community has identified a critical vulnerability, CVE-2023-42358, impacting the O-RAN Software Community ric-plt-e2mgr, specifically in the G-Release environment. This flaw allows potential remote attackers to initiate a Denial of Service (DoS) attack through a specially crafted request to the E2Manager API component. This vulnerability is significant as it could lead to potential system compromise or data leakage if not addressed promptly.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-42358
Severity: High – CVSS 7.7
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

O-RAN Software Community ric-plt-e2mgr | G-Release

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of an issue in the E2Manager API component of the O-RAN Software Community’s ric-plt-e2mgr software. By sending a specially crafted request to this component, a remote attacker can trigger an abnormal system condition, leading to a denial of service. This situation could potentially open up opportunities for further malicious activities, including system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /api/e2mgr/request HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "crafted_request": "malicious_payload" }

In this example, a malicious crafted request is sent to the “/api/e2mgr/request” endpoint, leading to the denial of service.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate the risk posed by this vulnerability, a patch provided by the vendor should be applied as soon as possible. In cases where patching is not immediately feasible, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation strategy. These tools can help detect and block the specific crafted requests associated with this exploit.

Overview

The Panasonic AutoDownloader Installer (version 1.2.8) has been identified with a serious vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-11223. This vulnerability, due to an issue in the DLL search path, can potentially lead to the system loading a maliciously crafted DLL file situated in the same directory. The potential ramifications of this vulnerability could include system compromise and data leakage, making this a critical cybersecurity concern.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-11223
Severity: High, with a CVSS score of 7.8
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Panasonic AutoDownloader Installer | 1.2.8

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the DLL search path within the Panasonic AutoDownloader Installer. When the installer is run, it searches for required DLLs within its directory. If a maliciously crafted DLL is placed within the same directory, the installer may load this DLL instead of the legitimate one. This could lead to a variety of malicious activities, including unauthorized system access, data leakage, or further dissemination of malware.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

# Attacker places the malicious DLL in the same directory as the installer
cp malicious.dll /path/to/installer/directory/
# Attacker then tricks the user into running the installer
./Panasonic_AutoDownloader_installer.exe

In this scenario, the installer would load the malicious DLL, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage.

Overview

The following report examines a severe vulnerability identified in Delta Electronics DIAScreen. This vulnerability, designated CVE-2025-59300, arises due to improper validation of user-supplied files, and if exploited, could enable an attacker to execute code within the current process context. This flaw poses a significant risk to data integrity and system security, rendering them vulnerable to potential compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-59300
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.8)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Delta Electronics DIAScreen | All versions up to latest

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied files in Delta Electronics DIAScreen. An attacker can craft a malicious file that, when opened by a user, can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code within the current process context. This could lead to unauthorized access, data leakage, or even system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. In this case, the malicious payload is embedded within a file that the user is tricked into opening.

POST /upload_file HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="malicious_file.txt"
Content-Type: text/plain
{ "malicious_payload": "..." }
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the latest patch provided by the vendor. As a temporary mitigation measure, users may also consider deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to monitor and block potential exploit attempts.

Overview

The identified vulnerability CVE-2025-59299 affects Delta Electronics DIAScreen, a commonly used software in industrial control systems. This vulnerability could potentially impact a large number of systems due to the widespread use of the affected software. If exploited, it could allow an attacker to execute malicious code within the context of the current process, leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-59299
Severity: High (7.8)
Attack Vector: File-based
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Delta Electronics DIAScreen | All versions prior to the release of the patch

How the Exploit Works

The weakness exists due to insufficient validation of user-supplied files in Delta Electronics DIAScreen. This allows an attacker to craft a malicious file that, when opened by a user, can execute code within the current process context. This could lead to unauthorized access, system manipulation, or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This is a pseudocode representation of a malicious file that would take advantage of the vulnerability:

# Malicious file pseudocode
{
Execute in Context(Process: Current) {
Code: `Malicious code here`
}
}

In this example, the “Malicious code here” could be any code intended to compromise the system or extract data. This file would be delivered to the user, who would need to open it for the exploit to function.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the latest patches released by Delta Electronics. If a patch is not immediately available, users may also consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. This would help to identify and block potential exploit attempts.

Overview

The cybersecurity vulnerability CVE-2025-59298 affects Delta Electronics DIAScreen software. This vulnerability, due to improper validation of user-supplied files, can allow an attacker to execute code within the context of the current process. The potential impact includes system compromise and data leakage, posing significant risk to the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the affected systems.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-59298
Severity: High (7.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Delta Electronics DIAScreen | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into opening a malicious file. The DIAScreen software lacks proper validation of user-supplied files, which allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code within the context of the current process. This could lead to a full system compromise and potential data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a hypothetical example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is expressed as a shell command that illustrates the use of a malicious file:

# Attacker crafts a malicious file
echo "malicious code" > malicious_file.dias
# The malicious file is sent to the user and opened in DIAScreen
./DIAScreen malicious_file.dias

Mitigation and Prevention

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available to mitigate the vulnerability. In the meantime, organizations can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Always be cautious when opening files from untrusted sources, as they may contain malicious code.

Overview

This report provides an analysis of the CVE-2025-59297 vulnerability found in Delta Electronics DIAScreen. The software lacks proper validation of user-supplied files, making susceptible systems possible targets for attackers who can execute malicious code within the current process. This vulnerability has the potential to compromise system integrity and cause data leakage, making it a critical issue to address for any organization using the affected software.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-59297
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.8)
Attack Vector: User-supplied file
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Execution of malicious code, potential for system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Delta Electronics DIAScreen | All Versions

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by exploiting the lack of validation for user-supplied files in Delta Electronics DIAScreen software. Attackers can craft a malicious file, which when opened by a user, can execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. This could potentially allow an attacker to compromise the system or leak sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

This is a conceptual example demonstrating how a malicious file could be crafted. Note that actual malicious content is not provided.

POST /uploadFile HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="malicious_file.txt"
Content-Type: text/plain
{ "malicious_code": "..." }
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW

Mitigation

To mitigate the risk of this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. In the interim, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. Additionally, it is advisable to avoid opening any untrusted or unknown files.

Overview

A critical vulnerability has been identified in VT STUDIO versions 8.53 and prior. This vulnerability, codenamed CVE-2025-61692, exposes systems to potential compromise and data leakage if a specially crafted file is used. Given the severity of this vulnerability and its potential for exploitation, it is paramount that businesses and individuals using affected versions of VT STUDIO act promptly to mitigate the risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-61692
Severity: High (CVSS 7.8)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

VT STUDIO | 8.53 and prior

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from a “use after free” condition in VT STUDIO. In this scenario, the software continues to use memory after it has been freed. An attacker can exploit this condition by crafting a specific file that, when processed by VT STUDIO, triggers this vulnerability, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected system.

Conceptual Example Code

In a conceptual scenario, an attacker might craft a file to trigger the “use after free” vulnerability. While the specific code would depend on the system and the attacker’s objectives, it could look something like this:

#include <stdlib.h>
int main() {
int *ptr = malloc(10 * sizeof(int));
free(ptr);
*ptr = 12345; // use after free, undefined behavior
}

This is a simplified conceptual example and may not represent the actual exploit code that might be used in a real-world scenario. The actual exploit would likely be more complex and tailored to the specific system and software being targeted.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users should apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. If the patch is not yet available, or if users are unable to apply it immediately, a web application firewall (WAF) or intrusion detection system (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation measure. These tools can help detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.
It is also recommended that users regularly update and patch their software to prevent exploitation of known vulnerabilities. Regular cybersecurity training can also help users recognize potential threats and take appropriate action.