Author: Ameeba

Overview

The Backup Migration plugin for WordPress has been identified as vulnerable to unauthorized data access. This vulnerability affects all versions of the plugin up to, and including, 1.3.6. The potential for data leakage and system compromise is a significant concern as back-up files containing sensitive information such as user passwords, PII, database credentials, and more, can be downloaded by unauthenticated attackers.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-6266
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized access to data, potential system compromise, and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Backup Migration Plugin for WordPress | Up to and including 1.3.6

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the BMI_BACKUP case of the handle_downloading function, which lacks sufficient path and file validation. This oversight allows attackers to send crafted requests to the server and download back-up files without authentication. The retrieved files can contain sensitive information, providing the attacker with valuable data and possible access to the system.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a malicious HTTP request, as shown conceptually below:

GET /wp-content/plugins/backup-migration/app/backup_restore/dl.php?file=../wp-config.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this request, the attacker is attempting to download the ‘wp-config.php’ file, which is often found in WordPress installations and contains sensitive database credentials. This file is just an example, and the attacker can attempt to download any file from the server.

Mitigation Guidance

As a mitigation measure, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it’s available. In the meantime, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. Regular monitoring of system logs for any unusual activity is also recommended.

Overview

The CVE-2023-42869 vulnerability is a critical software flaw that affects macOS Ventura 13.4, iOS 16.5, and iPadOS 16.5. This vulnerability is significant due to the widespread use of these Apple platforms. The flaw exists in libxml2, a software library used for parsing XML documents, and can lead to memory corruption issues. If exploited, this vulnerability could potentially compromise the system or lead to data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-42869
Severity: High – CVSS 7.5
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System Compromise, Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

macOS | Ventura 13.4
iOS | 16.5
iPadOS | 16.5

How the Exploit Works

The exploitation of this vulnerability involves sending malicious XML data to an application that uses the libxml2 library. The library fails to properly validate the input, leading to memory corruption. This corruption can then be leveraged by the attacker to execute arbitrary code and potentially gain control of the system or access sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of a malicious XML document that could be used to exploit this vulnerability:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE root [
<!ENTITY loop SYSTEM "file:///dev/random">
]>
<exploit>&loop;</exploit>

In this example, the XML document refers to a local file (`/dev/random`), which can lead to a memory exhaustion condition that crashes the application or even the entire system. In a real-world attack, such a file could be replaced with a crafted payload to exploit the memory corruption vulnerability and execute arbitrary code.

Mitigation

Users are advised to apply the patch provided by Apple for macOS Ventura 13.4, iOS 16.5, and iPadOS 16.5. In the absence of a patch, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to block or alert on attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The CVE-2023-40393 vulnerability is an authentication bypass issue that affects users of macOS Sonoma 14, particularly those who utilize the Hidden Photos Album feature. The vulnerability, once exploited, allows unauthorized viewing of photos without proper authentication, leading to potential data leakage and system compromise.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-40393
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized access to sensitive data (photos) leading to potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

macOS Sonoma | 14

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by taking advantage of the state management issue in macOS Sonoma 14. An attacker can send specially crafted requests to the system, bypassing the authentication mechanism guarding the Hidden Photos Album. This allows them to access and view sensitive photos without the required permissions or authentication.

Conceptual Example Code

Please note, this is a conceptual example and does not represent an actual exploit code.

GET /photos/hidden/ HTTP/1.1
Host: target-mac-device
Authorization: Bypass
{
"request": "view_all"
}

In this hypothetical example, an attacker sends a GET request to the photos/hidden endpoint of the target Mac device. The “Authorization: Bypass” header is used to exploit the vulnerability and bypass the authentication process. The “request”: “view_all” in the message body instructs the system to return all hidden photos.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate the impact of this vulnerability, users are urged to apply the patch provided by the vendor. As a temporary solution, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used to detect and prevent exploitation attempts. Regular monitoring of system logs and network traffic can also help in identifying any suspicious activities.

Overview

This report focuses on a critical security vulnerability, identified as CVE-2023-51127, found in FLIR AX8 thermal sensor cameras. The vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote attackers to access sensitive files, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. Being a high-risk issue with a CVSS severity score of 7.5, it is crucial for users and administrators of affected products to understand and mitigate this vulnerability promptly.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-51127
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System Compromise, Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

FLIR AX8 Thermal Sensor Cameras | Up to and including 1.46.16

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from improper access restriction within the FLIR AX8 thermal sensor cameras. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this by uploading a specially crafted symbolic link file. This file, when uploaded, allows the attacker to traverse directories and access arbitrary sensitive file contents. This could potentially lead to unauthorized access to confidential data or even full system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability via an HTTP request:

POST /upload HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="symlink.txt"
Content-Type: text/plain
../../../../../etc/passwd
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--

In this example, the attacker sends a malicious POST request to the upload endpoint of the target system, containing a symbolic link file that points to a sensitive system file (`/etc/passwd`).

Mitigation Measures

To mitigate this vulnerability, users of the affected products should apply the vendor-supplied patch immediately. If the patch cannot be applied due to any reason, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) could serve as temporary mitigation measures. These systems can be configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The CVE-2023-49738 is an information disclosure vulnerability identified in the image404Raw.php functionality of WWBN AVideo dev master commit 15fed957fb. This vulnerability poses a serious threat to data privacy as it allows the potential for system compromise and data leakage via a specially crafted HTTP request. The vulnerability has been assigned a CVSS Severity Score of 7.5, indicating a high level of severity.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-49738
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

WWBN AVideo | dev master commit 15fed957fb

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is exploited by sending a specially crafted HTTP request to the image404Raw.php functionality of the affected AVideo product. This allows an attacker to arbitrarily read files, which could reveal sensitive information and potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a
conceptual
example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

GET /path/to/image404Raw.php?file=../../../../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerablewebsite.com

In this example, the ‘file’ parameter is manipulated to traverse the file system and read a file that should not be accessible, such as the ‘/etc/passwd’ file, which contains user account information.

Mitigation

Users of the affected product are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. As a temporary mitigation, users can employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to block or alert on HTTP requests that appear to be exploiting this vulnerability.

Overview

The vulnerability, CVE-2023-45139, pertains to an issue in the popular Python library, fontTools. This is used widely for manipulating fonts and has a significant user base across many sectors. The vulnerability, specifically an XML External Entity (XXE) Injection, exists within the library’s subsetting module. This could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage if exploited, causing significant security concerns for users of the affected version of the library.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-45139
Severity: High (7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

fontTools Python Library | Versions before 4.43.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exploits a flaw in the subsetting module of fontTools. Specifically, the module fails to properly handle XML entities within SVG tables of OT-SVG fonts. As a result, an attacker can manipulate these entities to include arbitrary files from the file system or make web requests from the host system. This could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data or system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

The following conceptual example shows how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

# Import the vulnerable library
import fontTools
# Load a malicious OT-SVG font with an XML entity pointing to a sensitive file
malicious_font = fontTools.ttLib.TTFont("/path/to/malicious_font.otf")
# Parse the font, triggering the vulnerability
malicious_font.parse()

In this example, the “malicious_font.otf” file contains an SVG table with an XML entity that points to a sensitive file or a remote server. When the `parse()` function is called, the XML entity is resolved, leading to a potential data leak or system compromise.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape has been hit by a new vulnerability, identified as CVE-2023-49427. This vulnerability is a Buffer Overflow bug that impacts the Tenda AX12 router, specifically version V22.03.01.46. It poses a significant threat as it allows remote attackers to launch a denial of service (DoS) attack via a specific list parameter in the SetNetControlList function. This vulnerability has the potential to compromise systems and leak sensitive data, emphasizing the necessity for immediate action.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-49427
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial of Service attack, potential system compromise, and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda AX12 | V22.03.01.46

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies within the SetNetControlList function of the Tenda AX12’s firmware. The function does not adequately check the size of user input in the ‘list’ parameter. This lack of boundary checking allows an attacker to supply a larger-than-expected payload, causing a buffer overflow. Consequently, the overflow can be used to cause a DoS attack, crash the system, or potentially inject malicious code.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual exploit of this vulnerability might look like the following HTTP request, where the ‘list’ parameter contains an oversized payload:

POST /SetNetControlList HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"list": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...(continues)"
}

In the above pseudocode example, the ‘list’ parameter is filled with an excessive amount of data, which could potentially overflow the buffer and lead to the execution of malicious code or cause a system crash, resulting in a DoS attack.

Mitigation

To remediate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the latest patch released by the vendor. If no patch is available, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation measure to monitor and block potential attacks exploiting this vulnerability. Furthermore, limiting the size of accepted input, or implementing a proper boundary check, can provide an additional layer of protection.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a significant SQL injection vulnerability within SEMCMS v4.8. This vulnerability, denoted as CVE-2023-48864, affects all websites and systems using this version of SEMCMS. The discovered flaw can lead to potential system compromise and data leakage, thereby posing a critical risk to individual privacy and system integrity.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-48864
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

SEMCMS | v4.8

How the Exploit Works

The SQL injection vulnerability in SEMCMS v4.8 is due to insufficient input validation of the ‘languageID’ parameter in /web_inc.php. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted data into the ‘languageID’ parameter. As a result, the attacker can manipulate SQL queries, potentially gaining unauthorized access to sensitive data or even gaining control over the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. An attacker could send a malicious SQL statement through the ‘languageID’ parameter, which could then potentially manipulate the database or disclose sensitive data.

GET /web_inc.php?languageID=1' or '1'='1 HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-website.com

In this example, the `1′ or ‘1’=’1` is a classic SQL injection payload that will always evaluate to true, potentially revealing all entries in a database table if not properly handled.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are strongly advised to apply the latest patches provided by the vendor. If the patch is unavailable, use Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. Furthermore, it’s recommended to review and update the system’s input validation techniques to prevent similar vulnerabilities in the future.

Overview

The CVE-2024-21312 is a severe vulnerability found in the .NET Framework, exposing systems to potential threats of denial of service (DoS) attacks. This vulnerability can lead to system compromise or data leakage if successfully exploited. It poses a significant risk to businesses and organizations relying on the .NET Framework for their operations and services.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-21312
Severity: High (7.5/10)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage upon successful exploit

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

.NET Framework | 4.8 and below
ASP.NET Core | 3.1 and below

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2024-21312 vulnerability is a denial of service vulnerability in the .NET framework. It arises from improper handling of certain requests by the framework. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request to the target system. Once the system receives this malicious request, it can lead to excessive consumption of system resources, causing the system to become unresponsive and eventually leading to a denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of an HTTP request that could potentially exploit this vulnerability:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "repeatedly trigger resource-intensive operations" }

The ‘malicious_payload’ here represents a method that could be used to repeatedly trigger resource-intensive operations on the target system, leading to a denial of service.
Please note that this is a simplified and conceptual example. The actual exploit may involve more complex techniques and methods.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a significant vulnerability, CVE-2024-21307, affecting Remote Desktop Client users worldwide. This vulnerability allows for Remote Code Execution (RCE), potentially leading to a system compromise or data leakage. The severity of this vulnerability underscores the importance of immediate action to mitigate potential damages.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-21307
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Remote Desktop Client | Versions prior to 12.0
Remote Desktop Server | Versions prior to 6.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is rooted in how the Remote Desktop Client handles certain types of server responses. When a maliciously crafted response is sent to a client, it triggers a buffer overflow, leading to potential remote code execution. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected system with the same privileges as the logged-in user.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited is as follows:

POST /rdp/session HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-rdp
{ "session_data": "overly_long_and_malicious_string" }

In this example, the “session_data” field is filled with an overly long and malicious string designed to overflow the buffer and allow for remote code injection.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are urged to apply the latest vendor-supplied patches for their Remote Desktop Client and Server software as soon as possible. If patching is not immediately possible, implementing Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation by monitoring and blocking potentially malicious traffic.