CVE-2025-28229: Critical Access Control Vulnerability in Orban OPTIMOD 5950 Firmware and System

Overview

In the rapidly evolving world of cybersecurity, new vulnerabilities emerge almost on a daily basis. One such vulnerability, denoted as CVE-2025-28229, has been identified in the Orban OPTIMOD 5950 Firmware v1.0.0.2 and System v2.2.15. This vulnerability allows potential attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms and gain administrator privileges. It poses a significant risk to organizations using these versions of the Orban OPTIMOD 5950 firmware and system, as it could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage, thus jeopardizing the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of sensitive data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-28229
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Orban OPTIMOD 5950 Firmware | v1.0.0.2
Orban OPTIMOD 5950 System | v2.2.15

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by leveraging the incorrect access control mechanism in the affected Orban OPTIMOD 5950 firmware and system. Attackers can bypass the existing authentication mechanism, gaining unauthorized access to the system with administrator privileges. This can be done remotely over the network without any user interaction, which significantly amplifies the severity of the vulnerability.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. Please note, this is purely a hypothetical example for the purpose of understanding the potential risk.

POST /admin/login HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "username": "admin", "password": "" }

In this example, the attacker is attempting to gain access to the administrator account without providing any password, exploiting the faulty access control mechanism.

Mitigation Guidance

Users of the affected versions of Orban OPTIMOD 5950 Firmware and System are advised to apply the vendor patch immediately to mitigate this vulnerability. In scenarios where immediate patching is not feasible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation, helping to detect and block attempted exploits of this vulnerability. However, these measures should not be considered as long-term solutions, and patching should be carried out as soon as possible to effectively secure the systems.